ATI LPN
Renal System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Given the following conditions: Capsular hydrostatic pressure = 15 mm Hg, Glomerular plasma osmotic pressure = 25 mm Hg, Glomerular hydrostatic pressure = 75 mm Hg, What is the NET FILTRATION RATE?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Net filtration pressure (NFP) = Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (75 mm Hg) - (Capsular hydrostatic pressure (15 mm Hg) + Glomerular osmotic pressure (25 mm Hg)) = 75 - (15 + 25) = 35 mm Hg (A). This drives filtration; 85 (B), 65 (C), and 115 (D) miscalculate, making A correct.
Question 2 of 5
The micturition center is located in the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The micturition center in the pons (A) coordinates the reflex via parasympathetic signals, not medulla (B), cerebellum (C), or basal ganglia (D), making A the control site.
Question 3 of 5
To prevent the recurrence of renal calculi, the nurse teaches the patient to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High fluid intake (2000-3000 mL/day, D) dilutes urine, preventing stone formation. Straining urine (A) monitors, not prevents, calcium restriction (B) is selective, and coffee (C) may increase risk, making D the best prevention.
Question 4 of 5
Which nursing action should the nurse who is caring for a patient who has had an ileal conduit for several years delegate to nursing assistive personnel (NAP)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Changing the ostomy appliance (B) in a stable patient is within NAP scope, a routine task. Assessing UTI (A), selecting bags (C), and monitoring stoma (D) require RN judgment, making B delegable.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels is scheduled for a renal arteriogram. Which bowel preparation order would the nurse question for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High-phosphate enemas, such as Fleet enemas, should be avoided in patients with elevated BUN and creatinine because phosphate cannot be excreted by patients with renal failure. The other medications for bowel evacuation are more appropriate.