ATI LPN
PN Pediatric Nursing 2023 70 Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
GERD can lead to serious medical conditions including which of the following? Select one that does not apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: GERD can cause esophageal strictures and pneumonia from aspiration. Weight gain and crying are not complications; Nissen’s is a treatment, not a condition.
Question 2 of 9
A 2-month-old boy appears with vomiting and dehydration. Labs reveal hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CAH causes vomiting, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia, per AAP (doc p149, Q572).
Question 3 of 9
What is the correct management?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a 1-year-old (10 kg) with anaphylaxis (urticaria, wheeze post-peanut ingestion), the correct adrenaline dose is 0.15 mL of 1:1000 IM (0.15 mg), per guidelines (0.01 mg/kg). Choice A (0.1 mL 1:1000) is 0.1 mg, underdosing. Choice B (0.1 mL 1:10,000) is 0.01 mg, far too low. Choice C (1 mL 1:10,000) is 0.1 mg, still inadequate. Choice D (0.1 mL 1:10,000 SC) is incorrect dose and route (IM preferred). None match the standard, but typically 0.15 mL 1:1000 IM is correct.
Question 4 of 9
A nurse is reviewing the physician's orders for a child with rheumatic fever who is suspected of having a viral infection. The nurse notes that acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is prescribed for the child. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate? Select one That Apply:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin in viral infection risks Reye’s syndrome; consult RN (B) and use acetaminophen (C) if approved. Aspirin for fever (A) or pain (D) is unsafe here. Document: 'Concerns… include aspirin toxicity… [use] acetaminophen… with permission.'
Question 5 of 9
A child with a history of asthma suddenly develops unilateral wheezing and respiratory distress following choking while eating peanuts. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Foreign body aspiration fits sudden unilateral wheezing post-choking, per AAP. Asthma is bilateral, and C-E are less acute.
Question 6 of 9
A 1-month-old infant presents with cyanosis and a murmur. Echocardiogram shows pulmonary atresia. The next step is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostaglandin E1 maintains ductal patency in pulmonary atresia, per AHA. A, C-E follow.
Question 7 of 9
A child with type 1 diabetes received her insulin at 7:30 AM. At 10:30, she is complaining of being hungry, thirsty and drowsy. Which intervention should the nurse perform first? Select one that apply:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoglycemia (hunger, thirst, drowsiness post-insulin) requires testing blood sugar (A) and giving juice (B) to raise glucose. Napping (C) or walking (D) delays treatment. Document: 'The immediate remedy is to give orange juice… Test her blood sugar and follow sliding scale.'
Question 8 of 9
A newborn presents with cyanosis and respiratory distress. Chest x-ray shows a narrow mediastinum and egg-on-string appearance. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Transposition of the great arteries shows a narrow mediastinum and egg-on-string sign, per AAP. A, C-E have different x-ray findings.
Question 9 of 9
A 4-year-old girl presents with pallor and lethargy. Labs show hemoglobin of 6 g/dL and Howell-Jolly bodies. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sickle cell disease shows Howell-Jolly bodies, per ASH. A, C-E differ.