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Pediatric Immunization NCLEX Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Following immunization, an anaphylactic response would usually occur within:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is a rapid-onset allergic reaction, typically occurring within 5-30 minutes after vaccination, though it can rarely extend to an hour. This is due to the immediate release of mediators like histamine following IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. Choice A (12-24 hours) and D (2-4 hours) are far too delayed for anaphylaxis, which is an acute emergency. Choice B (60-90 minutes) may capture some late-onset cases but exceeds the usual timeframe for most reactions.
Question 2 of 5
Informed consent must be validated as per the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Informed consent is a fundamental patient right, often enshrined in documents like the U.S. Patients’ Bill of Rights (Choice B), which outlines autonomy, information disclosure, and decision-making capacity. Choice A (Minister of Health) and C (Chief Medical Officer) are roles, not legal frameworks, and Choice D (Public Health Act) may govern public health measures but not specifically validate consent processes, which are rooted in patient rights.
Question 3 of 5
Foreign substances capable of causing disease are called:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antigens are foreign substances (e.g., proteins on viruses or bacteria) that can trigger an immune response, potentially causing disease if pathogenic. Antibodies (Choice A) are produced by B cells to neutralize antigens. T-Lymphocytes (Choice C) and macrophages (Choice D) are immune cells that respond to antigens, not the substances themselves, making Choice B the correct term.
Question 4 of 5
The life-threatening disease epiglottitis can be prevented by which immunization?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hib vaccine prevents *Haemophilus influenzae* type b infections, including epiglottitis, a life-threatening airway obstruction. MMR, HepB, and polio vaccines target unrelated diseases (measles/mumps/rubella, hepatitis B, poliomyelitis), none of which cause epiglottitis.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a valid contraindication to the administration of an unspecified vaccine to a 2-year-old child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anaphylaxis to a prior vaccine dose (Choice C) is a valid contraindication due to the risk of recurrence. Choice A (mild illness) is not a contraindication per CDC—vaccines can be given. Choices B and D (family circumstances) don’t affect the child’s eligibility unless the child is immunosuppressed.