Following delivery of a newborn, the 21-year-old mother is experiencing mild vaginal bleeding. You note that her heart rate has increased from 90 to 120 beats/min and she is diaphoretic. In addition to administering high-flow oxygen, treatment should include:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the mother is showing signs of postpartum hemorrhage with increased heart rate, diaphoresis, and mild vaginal bleeding. The correct approach involves treating for shock by addressing hypovolemia and providing uterine massage to help control bleeding. Administering high-flow oxygen is essential. Therefore, the most appropriate option is to treat for shock and perform uterine massage during transport to manage the postpartum hemorrhage effectively.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, it is crucial to understand the appropriate ventilation rates for infants in cardiopulmonary arrest. The correct answer, "D) 8 to 10 breaths/min," is recommended for a 6-month-old infant with an advanced airway device in place. This ventilation rate is appropriate as it helps maintain adequate oxygenation and ventilation without causing harm or overinflation of the lungs in this critical situation. Delivering ventilations too rapidly (Options A and B) can lead to complications such as barotrauma or decreased cardiac output. Ventilating too slowly (Option C) may not provide sufficient oxygenation during resuscitation efforts. Educationally, it is essential for pediatric nurses to be well-versed in pediatric resuscitation guidelines to provide optimal care in emergency situations. Understanding the correct ventilation rates based on the age and condition of the child is vital to improving outcomes in pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest scenarios.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, maintaining a patent airway is crucial for ensuring adequate oxygenation. The correct answer, option D, which states to tilt the head back without hyperextending the neck, is the most appropriate method for opening the airway of an infant with no suspected neck injury. This technique is recommended for infants because their airways are more easily obstructed due to their anatomical differences compared to older children or adults. Hyperextending the neck (option B) can actually worsen the airway obstruction in infants. Performing the technique as you would for an older child or adult (option A) may not be effective and could potentially harm the infant. Gently lifting the chin while maintaining slight flexion of the neck (option C) is not ideal as it may not fully open the airway in an infant. It's essential for pediatric nurses to be well-versed in age-appropriate airway management techniques to provide safe and effective care to infants and children.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the appropriate action is to keep the newborn warm, ensure the mother receives oxygen if needed, and prepare for transport. The newborn is showing signs of central cyanosis (hands and feet being cyanotic), which can be due to various reasons, including inadequate oxygenation. Therefore, ensuring warmth and possible oxygen to the mother are important. Additionally, monitoring both the mother and baby during transport is crucial for their well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A sudden onset of respiratory distress in a child without fever is most likely due to a foreign body airway obstruction. This obstruction can rapidly lead to difficulty breathing, stridor, and other signs of respiratory distress without necessarily causing a fever. Prompt recognition and intervention are crucial in such cases to prevent further complications and ensure the child's airway remains clear.