ATI LPN
Pediatric Gi Disorders Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Following acute bronchiolitis, which virus is associated with the long-term complication of bronchiolitis obliterans?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bronchiolitis obliterans is a rare, chronic obstructive lung disease following severe lower respiratory infection. Adenovirus (Choice A) is the virus most commonly associated with this complication, particularly after severe bronchiolitis in young children, due to its propensity for persistent airway injury. Human metapneumovirus (Choice B), influenza (Choice C), and parainfluenza (Choice D) can cause bronchiolitis but are less frequently linked to bronchiolitis obliterans. Adenovirus’s strong association makes it the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A male child lives in a shelter. He has atopic dermatitis. Most serious viral infection in atopic dermatitis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HSV causes eczema herpeticum, a severe complication in atopic dermatitis due to impaired skin barriers (AAD). Other viruses (A-D) are less critical in this context.
Question 3 of 5
Inhaled glucocorticoid therapy can cause dysphonia in patients with asthma. The cause of dysphonia is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vocal cord myopathy from inhaled glucocorticoids causes dysphonia via local steroid effects on laryngeal muscles (ATS). Fungal infection causes thrush, and C-E are unrelated.
Question 4 of 5
In hypernatremic dehydration, a rapid correction results in seizures due to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Idiogenic osmoles in brain cells, formed during hypernatremia, draw water in during rapid correction, causing edema and seizures (UpToDate). B-E are incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
Most common cause of metabolic acidosis in children is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diarrhea is the most common cause of metabolic acidosis in kids via bicarbonate loss (AAP). A-D are less frequent.