ATI LPN
Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Feedback signals that inhibit the thirst centers include:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thirst is inhibited by feedback signals like moistening of the mouth and throat mucosa, which signals hydration and reduces the drive to drink. Stomach and intestinal stretch (from fluid intake) also contribute, but ‘inhibition of stretch receptors' (A) implies blocking, not activating, so it's incorrect. B alone is precise, making it correct.
Question 2 of 5
When examining a patient who is paralyzed below the T4 level, the medical-surgical nurse expects to find:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Paralysis below T4 (thoracic spinal cord injury) spares upper extremities (C5-T1 innervation), allowing independent use, and preserves diaphragm function (C3-5), enabling an efficient cough (D). Flaccidity (A) or spasticity (B) affects lower limbs, and ventilatory support (C) is for higher injuries, making D correct.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a patient who underwent urinary catheterization and irrigations. What is a potential complication associated with these procedures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Catheterization and irrigations risk trauma to the urinary tract (e.g., urethra) and infection (e.g., CAUTI) (D) due to invasive entry and bacterial introduction. Kidney stones (A), urgency (B), and nocturia (C) are less directly linked, making D the primary complication.
Question 4 of 5
Intravenous administration of 1.5 liters of isotonic Ringer's solution to a healthy adult could cause:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Isotonic Ringer's expands volume, raising cardiac output and renal flow (A), increasing GFR (B), and elevating ANP while lowering renin (C) to excrete excess. All are true—volume boosts output/flow, GFR rises, ANP counters renin—making E (all are correct), reassigned as D, correct.
Question 5 of 5
The renal cortex contains:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The renal cortex, the outer kidney layer, contains glomeruli and tubules, not pyramids (A), papillae (B), or calyces (C), which are in the medulla or pelvis. ‘None of the preceding' (D) fits, as these structures are absent from the cortex, making D correct.