ATI LPN
Exam Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Exercise has all of the following effects on blood gases EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: exercise does not increase PaCO₂ it remains ≈40 mmHg as ventilation matches CO₂ production (e.g., 0.2 to 4 L/min). Choice B is true; PAO₂ rises slightly (e.g., 100 to 110 mmHg) with hyperventilation. ' PaCO₂ stays stable. Choice D is accurate; PaO₂ holds at ≈95-100 mmHg in healthy lungs. Choice E (increased PvCO₂) is true (e.g., 46 to 50 mmHg). Exercise boosts V̇E (e.g., 6 to 120 L/min), preventing PaCO₂ rise, making A the exception in normal physiology.
Question 2 of 5
The infection control nurse is talking about the history of the H1N1 influenza. The nurse points out that the virus had genes from more than one source. What sources contributed to the H1N1 virus? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The 2009 H1N1 influenza virus was a reassortant strain with genes from pig (swine flu viruses), bird (avian influenza), and human sources, reflecting its zoonotic origins. Pigs act as ‘mixing vessels,' allowing genetic exchange between flu strains from different species, which occurred here, creating a novel virus that jumped to humans. Bird genes contributed via prior avian flu strains, while human genes enabled efficient human-to-human transmission, fueling the pandemic. Cat-derived flu genes aren't documented in H1N1's makeup felines aren't typical influenza reservoirs. Pig genes alone don't tell the full story; it's the combination that matters. The nurse educates on this multi-species origin to highlight how influenza evolves, emphasizing vigilance for zoonotic threats, a key infection control lesson from H1N1's global spread, informing strategies like surveillance and vaccination.
Question 3 of 5
Which health condition would increase an adult client's risk for acquiring the flu if exposed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Congestive heart failure (CHF) heightens an adult's flu risk if exposed, as it weakens heart and lung function, impairing oxygen delivery and immune response. Fluid in the lungs from CHF also fosters viral growth and complications like pneumonia, making infection more likely and severe. Gallbladder disease doesn't affect immunity or respiratory defense. Post-cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) recovery doesn't inherently increase flu susceptibility immunity remains intact. Deep vein thrombosis impacts clotting, not infection risk. The nurse identifies CHF as the key condition, per evidence linking cardiopulmonary issues to flu vulnerability, urging preventive steps like vaccination for such clients to mitigate serious respiratory threats.
Question 4 of 5
In acute respiratory distress syndrome,
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ARDS lungs can be divided into infiltrated, consolidated, or collapsed areas (D), reflecting heterogeneous damage'. Choice A is false; abnormalities are not homogeneous some areas are spared, others severely affected. Choice B is incorrect; pneumonia often complicates fatal cases due to impaired clearance. Choice C is wrong; ARDS is typically unresponsive to O₂ therapy due to shunting (mortality ≈60%, not 20%). Choice E (60% mortality) is true but not listed. Page 716 notes ARDS's patchy nature ventilation-perfusion mismatch and fibrosis making D's regional division accurate, unlike A's uniformity or B's infection protection.
Question 5 of 5
Nonatopic asthma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonatopic asthma has normal serum IgE levels (B), emphasizing bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Choice A is false; it's typically viral-triggered, not bacterial. Choice C is incorrect; skin tests are negative (no atopy). Choice D is wrong; occupational asthma is atopic (allergen-driven). Choice E (intrinsic label) is true but not listed. Page 726 details B's distinction lacking IgE elevation, it contrasts with atopic asthma's allergic basis, relying on mucosal inflammation lowering vagal receptor thresholds, unlike C's test results or D's category.