ATI LPN
Immune System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Examples of granulocytes include all of the following except:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: monocyte. Granulocytes are a type of white blood cell characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are all examples of granulocytes. Monocytes, on the other hand, are agranulocytes, lacking these granules. Monocytes are known for their role in immune response and inflammation. Therefore, monocyte does not belong to the category of granulocytes.
Question 2 of 5
The primary healthcare provider (PCHP) has told the client that their neutrophil count is low (neutropenia). The nurse is aware this means the patient is at risk for which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: infection. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell responsible for fighting off infections. A low neutrophil count puts the client at risk for developing infections as their body's ability to fight off pathogens is compromised. Anemia (choice A) is related to low red blood cells, not white blood cells like neutrophils. Blood clots (choice B) and hemorrhage (choice C) are more related to platelets and clotting factors, not neutrophil count. Therefore, the correct answer is D as the primary concern with neutropenia is the increased susceptibility to infections.
Question 3 of 5
Which clinical situation may increase the risk of blood transfusion reaction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Multiple blood transfusions. Receiving multiple blood transfusions increases the risk of developing antibodies against donor blood, leading to transfusion reactions. Iron-deficiency anemia (B) and low RBC count (D) are conditions that may necessitate blood transfusions but do not inherently increase the risk of transfusion reactions. Completing a cross and match blood test (C) is a standard procedure to ensure compatibility and reduce the risk of reactions, thus it does not increase the risk of a transfusion reaction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dependent edema. In right-sided heart failure, the weakened right ventricle fails to effectively pump blood, leading to fluid retention and congestion in the systemic circulation. This results in dependent edema, typically seen in the lower extremities. Pulmonary crackles (B) are associated with left-sided heart failure due to fluid accumulation in the lungs. Shortness of breath (C) is a common symptom of both left-sided and right-sided heart failure. Chest pain (D) is not a typical finding in right-sided heart failure unless there is an underlying cause such as myocardial infarction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is completing an assessment for a client who has a history of unstable angina. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in unstable angina, chest pain typically lasts longer than 15 minutes due to reduced blood flow to the heart. Choice B is incorrect because pain in unstable angina is not always relieved by rest. Choice C is incorrect as pain can occur at rest in unstable angina. Choice D is incorrect as patients with unstable angina may experience chest pain even at rest.