Elements of malpractice include the following except one:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Duty, breach of duty, and causation are legal elements of malpractice; assessment errors may contribute to malpractice but are not a standalone element.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Tinnitus (ringing in the ears) is not a recognized complication of untreated diabetes, unlike the others listed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Laser surgery is a standard treatment for proliferative retinopathy to prevent vision loss; the others are diagnostic or unrelated.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Diabetic retinopathy is a complication, not an indication for insulin; the others require insulin for acute management.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Behaviorist competence focuses on observable performance in the workplace.