ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Early signs of excessive exposure to X-ray or radium can best be detected by periodic:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood counts (D) best detect early X-ray/radium exposure radiation damages marrow, dropping WBCs, platelets (e.g., <1000/μL) within weeks. Chest X-ray (A) shows lung damage later. Urinalysis (B) or liver tests (C) miss hematologic effects. EKGs assess heart, not radiation. Counts' sensitivity to marrow suppression is key in nursing for occupational exposure monitoring and halting exposure.
Question 2 of 5
Defective clot retraction and a normal platelets count might be due to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glanzmann's thrombasthenia GPIIb/IIIa defect impairs clot retraction despite normal platelet count (e.g., 200,000/μL), causing mucocutaneous bleeding. Iron deficiency (A) affects RBCs. Von Willebrand's (B likely disease misprint) lowers vWF, not retraction. Neoplastic (C) or Osler-Weber (D vascular) don't fit. Glanzmann's fibrinogen binding failure is key, guiding nursing for transfusion support.
Question 3 of 5
In intravascular clotting or thrombosis the one factor which is not important is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intravascular thrombosis Virchow's triad: vessel injury (A), stasis (B), hypercoagulability (D) plus infection promote clots. Lack of vitamin C (C) causes scurvy, not thrombosis collagen weakness bleeds, not clots. C's irrelevance is key, guiding nursing for anticoagulation focus, not nutritional correction.
Question 4 of 5
A 57 year-old patient presents the following symptoms: for several months he had noticed weakness, sore tongue, acroparesthesias and diarrhea. Examination reveals pallor, absence of position and vibration sensation in the feet, and as atrophic tongue, blood counts shows a microcytic anemia. The one of the following which will cause the best response of reticulocytosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Microcytic anemia (MCV <80 fL) with weakness, glossitis, neuropathy suggests iron deficiency ferrous sulfate (B 2 g daily) boosts Hb, reticulocytes (e.g., 5-10% in 7 days) by restoring iron (e.g., ferritin <15 μg/L). Folate (A) treats macrocytosis. Thiamin (C) is B1, unrelated. Transfusion (D) is temporary. None' denies. Iron's efficacy is key, guiding nursing for GI tolerance and anemia correction.
Question 5 of 5
Pathologic proteolysis is frequently the initiating cause of the defibrination syndrome:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abruptio placentae (A) placental detachment triggers defibrination (DIC) via tissue factor release, consuming fibrinogen (e.g., <100 mg/dL), causing bleeding. Liver (B), surgery (C), cancers (D) contribute, but abruptio's acute proteolysis is frequent, key in nursing for FFP and obstetric emergency care.