During newborn gestational age assessment, which finding should be recorded as part of this assessment on the newborn?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Choice C (Correct Answer): Plantar creases covering 2/3 of the sole is a standard newborn assessment finding indicating normal development. This is a key milestone in assessing the newborn's muscle tone and neurological status. Absence or presence of plantar creases can provide insights into potential developmental issues. Therefore, recording this finding is crucial for monitoring the newborn's growth and development. Summary of Other Choices: A: Acrocyanosis of hands and feet - Common benign finding in newborns due to immature circulation, not a specific part of newborn assessment. B: Anterior fontanel soft and level - Important assessment, but not specific to gestational age assessment. D: Vernix caseosa in inguinal creases - Normal finding, but not a specific part of gestational age assessment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform a sharp hand clap near the infant. This action elicits the Moro reflex by stimulating the startle response. The Moro reflex involves the baby's arms spreading out and then coming back in when they feel like they are falling. This reflex helps in assessing the baby's neurological development. Choices B, C, and D do not specifically target the Moro reflex and may elicit other reflexes or responses. Holding the newborn vertically (B) may trigger the stepping reflex, placing a finger at the base of the toes (C) may provoke the Babinski reflex, and turning the newborn's head (D) may elicit the tonic neck reflex.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why the correct answer is A: 1. Maternal/newborn blood group incompatibility can result in hemolytic disease of the newborn. 2. Hemolytic disease causes an increase in bilirubin levels, leading to jaundice. 3. Jaundice in this case is due to the breakdown of red blood cells and elevated unconjugated bilirubin levels. 4. Physiologic jaundice is a normal process in newborns and usually appears after the first 24 hours of life. 5. Absence of vitamin K would not directly cause jaundice. 6. Maternal cocaine abuse is not typically associated with neonatal jaundice. In summary, the correct answer is A because maternal/newborn blood group incompatibility can lead to hemolytic disease and subsequent jaundice, while the other choices are not directly related to neonatal jaundice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased blood pressure in the arms with decreased blood pressure in the legs. Coarctation of the aorta causes narrowing of the aorta, leading to increased blood pressure in the arms due to the pressure build-up before the narrowing and decreased blood pressure in the legs due to reduced blood flow beyond the narrowing. This pressure difference is a classic clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the pathophysiology of coarctation of the aorta. B is incorrect as decreased blood pressure in the arms is not typical. C is incorrect as increased blood pressure in both the arms and legs does not reflect the characteristic pressure difference caused by the aortic narrowing. D is incorrect as decreased blood pressure in both the arms and legs is not consistent with the presentation of coarctation of the aorta.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because Kegel exercises help strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which can aid in pelvic muscle stretching during birth. This can potentially reduce the risk of pelvic floor dysfunction postpartum. A is incorrect because Kegel exercises do not directly prevent constipation. C is incorrect because while Kegel exercises may indirectly help with backaches by improving pelvic floor muscle support, they are not specifically targeted for backache relief. D is incorrect as Kegel exercises do not prevent stretch marks, as stretch marks are related to skin elasticity rather than muscle tone.