ATI LPN
Gastrointestinal System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
Duodenal (Brunner's) glands are located:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brunner's glands are in the submucosa, secreting alkaline mucus.
Question 2 of 9
Which of the following is an important nursing intervention for a patient with PUD who is taking antacids?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving antacids 1-3 hours after meals maximizes their acid-neutralizing effect when acid levels peak post-digestion.
Question 3 of 9
What is a result of increased peristalsis in the duodenum?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Faster peristalsis reduces time for nutrient absorption, like amino acids, making C correct.
Question 4 of 9
A 64-year-old patient with an infective exacerbation of COPD was treated with nebulisers, oral steroids and oral doxycycline. What advice would you give with regards to doxycycline?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Doxycycline for COPD exacerbation is typically 100-200 mg daily for 5-7 days, best at bedtime to avoid GI upset, making A the correct answer.
Question 5 of 9
The myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus does not contain:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The myenteric plexus contains nerve cell bodies of parasympathetic ganglia, not sympathetic ganglia, which are outside the GI wall.
Question 6 of 9
A 50-year-old woman presents complaining of pruritus. She reports that for the last eight months she has been itching, particularly around her trunk. Her medical history is notable only for hypertension and obesity. Her current medications include hydrochlorothiazide, estrogen, and progesterone. Her labs are notable for an alkaline phosphatase of 487 U/L, an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of 46 U/L, and an aspartate aminotransferase of 52 U/L. Her total bilirubin is 2.5 mg/dL with a direct bilirubin of 1.6 mg/dL. Which of the following statements is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This woman presents with an elevated alkaline phosphatase, mildly elevated transaminases, and an elevated bilirubin level. The alkaline phosphatase elevation is out of proportion to the other tests, suggesting a biliary process. Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) would present as such. Antimitochondrial antibodies are seen in most cases of PBC. Ceruloplasmin is usually low in Wilson's disease which can present with elevation of the transaminases and neuropsychiatric disturbances in young patients. Likewise estrogen administration, fatty liver, and autoimmune hepatitis should present with primary elevations of the transaminases rather than the alkaline phosphatase.
Question 7 of 9
Three days after an organism eats some meat, many of the organic molecules originally contained in the meat would be found in newly formed molecules of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meat's proteins are digested into amino acids, which are absorbed and used to synthesize new proteins in the organism's cells within days. Glucose and starch are carbohydrate-based. Oxygen is inorganic.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following is an important nursing intervention for a patient with PUD who is taking antacids?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving antacids 1-3 hours after meals maximizes their acid-neutralizing effect when acid levels peak post-digestion.
Question 9 of 9
Enzymes required to digest the molecule represented in the diagram are produced in the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assuming the diagram shows starch (common in such tests), salivary glands produce amylase to digest it, making D correct; the others do not primarily digest carbohydrates.