ATI LPN
Assessment of Hematologic System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Drugs that impair the immune system include ALL the following except?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Explanation: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is not known to impair the immune system. Ibuprofen can reduce inflammation, nitrofurantoin can affect the liver, and amphotericin B can suppress the immune system. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
On admission to a medical unit, a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests positive for benzodiazepine. The client denies using this medication. Which medication is likely causing a false-positive result?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Efavirenz. Efavirenz is known to cause false-positive results in benzodiazepine testing due to its structural similarity to certain benzodiazepines. Efavirenz is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV. The other choices, Doravirine, Nevirapine, and Etravirine, are not associated with causing false-positive results in benzodiazepine testing. Therefore, the client's positive benzodiazepine result is likely due to the use of Efavirenz.
Question 3 of 5
A client underwent an antibody test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as part of a screening process and has just been told that the results were positive. Which anticipatory guidance regarding the next step should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Follow-up testing will be promptly performed to confirm the result. This is the most appropriate next step as a positive result on an antibody test does not confirm HIV infection. Follow-up testing, such as a confirmatory test like Western blot or PCR, is needed to confirm the diagnosis. This step is crucial to avoid unnecessary anxiety or premature treatment initiation. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: The client will be started on fluoxetine in 1 month - This choice is incorrect because fluoxetine is an antidepressant and not a treatment for HIV. B: Antiretroviral therapy will begin within 3 months - This choice is incorrect because starting antiretroviral therapy should be based on confirmed diagnosis, not just a positive antibody test result. D: The client will be monitored for signs and symptoms of HIV to determine the need for treatment - This choice is incorrect because monitoring signs and symptoms alone is not sufficient to confirm HIV infection or determine the need for treatment.
Question 4 of 5
Which medication might the nurse question if administered to the client with anemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin levels. Step 2: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor commonly used to treat hypertension, but it can cause anemia as a side effect. Step 3: Administering Lisinopril to a client with anemia can worsen the condition by further reducing red blood cell production. Step 4: Therefore, the nurse should question administering Lisinopril to a client with anemia to avoid exacerbating the condition. Summary: - A (Cipro): An antibiotic, not typically contraindicated in anemia. - C (Acetaminophen): A pain reliever, not directly related to anemia. - D (Ferrous sulfate): Iron supplement, actually used to treat anemia.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse understands that the client with pernicious anemia will have which distinguishing laboratory findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because pernicious anemia is typically caused by the absence of intrinsic factor, a protein necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12. Without intrinsic factor, the body cannot properly absorb vitamin B12, leading to anemia. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Schilling's test is used to diagnose pernicious anemia, but an elevated result is not a distinguishing laboratory finding. C: Sedimentation rate is a nonspecific test for inflammation and is not specific to pernicious anemia. D: RBC count of 5.0 million is within the normal range and is not a distinguishing feature of pernicious anemia.