ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Pharmacology Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
Drugs that are known to cause fetal harm include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is correct because thalidomide is a known teratogen, causing severe limb defects, historically proven to harm fetuses, unlike the others. Choice A is incorrect as fluoxetine (Category C) has risks but isn't definitively harmful like thalidomide. Choice B is wrong because acetaminophen (Category B) lacks evidence of fetal harm. Choice D is incorrect since only thalidomide is a clear example.
Question 2 of 9
A patient asks a primary care NP why herbal supplements are not regulated by the FDA. The nurse practitioner should tell the patient these products are not regulated by the FDA because they are:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because herbal supplements avoid FDA regulation by not claiming to treat or cure diseases. Choice A is incorrect (natural status isn’t the reason). Choice C is wrong (DSHEA defines, doesn’t regulate directly). Choice D is inaccurate (Hatch-Richardson misstated).
Question 3 of 9
A woman is in the 36th week of pregnancy. The nurse practitioner (NP) providing prenatal care learns that the woman has a history of two previous urinary tract infections during this pregnancy. A dipstick urinalysis in the office today is negative for leukocyte esterase and nitrites. The NP should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because nonpharmacologic prevention (fluids, cotton underwear) is first-line for UTI risk in late pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect (sulfonamides avoided after 36 weeks). Choice B is wrong (nitrofurantoin not after 36 weeks). Choice D is inaccurate (invasive, not indicated).
Question 4 of 9
Strategies to prevent misuse of over-the-counter drugs include:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is correct because education prevents misuse, quantity limits curb abuse (e.g., pseudoephedrine), and monitoring tracks patterns—all effective per public health strategies. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one method. Choice B is wrong by itself because limits are just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since monitoring is only one approach.
Question 5 of 9
Patient education about REMS includes:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is correct because REMS education covers risks (e.g., side effects), access (e.g., pharmacy restrictions), and monitoring (e.g., lab tests), ensuring safe use per FDA rules. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one aspect. Choice B is wrong by itself because access is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since monitoring is only one requirement.
Question 6 of 9
Food or drink that should be avoided when taking a prescription for levothyroxine includes:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is correct because milk's calcium content binds levothyroxine in the gut, reducing absorption and efficacy, so it should be avoided. Choice B is incorrect as orange juice doesn't significantly interact with levothyroxine. Choice C is wrong because grapefruit juice affects CYP3A4 drugs, not levothyroxine. Choice D is incorrect since tomato juice has no notable interaction.
Question 7 of 9
Steady state is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because steady state occurs when drug input (absorption) equals output (excretion), maintaining constant levels over time. Choice A is incorrect as absorption exceeding excretion describes initial dosing, not steady state. Choice C is wrong because steady state can be therapeutic or toxic, not just below toxicity. Choice D is incorrect since only B defines steady state accurately.
Question 8 of 9
A parent whose child received a fourth DTaP at a recent 15-month visit calls the primary care NP to report that the child is fussy, has a temperature of 38.3°C, and has redness and swelling at the injection site. The NP should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because these are common, mild reactions managed symptomatically. Choice A is incorrect (hospitalization not needed). Choice B is wrong (mild reaction isn’t a contraindication). Choice C is inaccurate (not severe enough for VAERS).
Question 9 of 9
Patient education about REMS includes:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is correct because REMS education covers risks (e.g., side effects), access (e.g., pharmacy restrictions), and monitoring (e.g., lab tests), ensuring safe use per FDA rules. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one aspect. Choice B is wrong by itself because access is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since monitoring is only one requirement.