ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Dilutional thrombocytopenia may be caused by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Transfusion of large volumes of blood. Dilutional thrombocytopenia occurs when the concentration of platelets decreases due to the infusion of large volumes of fluid, such as during a blood transfusion. This dilution effect leads to a decrease in platelet count without a true decrease in the total number of platelets in the body. Overhydration (choice A) and excessive drinking (choice B) may lead to fluid overload but do not directly cause dilutional thrombocytopenia. Excessive use of diuretics (choice D) can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances but is not a common cause of dilutional thrombocytopenia.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-year-old preschooler with a low platelet count received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). What part of routine health maintenance would the nurse explain to the parents should be delayed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The administration of live-virus vaccines should be delayed. IVIG can interfere with the efficacy of live-virus vaccines by neutralizing the live viruses in the vaccine. The preschooler's immune system may not be able to mount a proper response to the vaccine due to the IVIG. Live-virus vaccines should be postponed for at least 3 months after receiving IVIG to ensure the child's immune system can respond effectively. Incorrect choices: B: Yearly routine dental examination - This is not affected by IVIG treatment and should not be delayed. C: Assessing the child's blood pressure - This is an important aspect of routine health maintenance and should not be delayed. D: Checking the child's visual acuity - This is also an important part of routine health maintenance and should not be delayed.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child who is in sickle cell anemic crisis and has severe pain. The most effective nursing intervention for this child should be
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administering pain medication. In a sickle cell anemic crisis, pain management is a priority to alleviate the severe pain the child is experiencing. Administering pain medication promptly helps to provide relief and improve the child's comfort and well-being. Comfort measures like back rubs (Choice A) and diversional activities (Choice B) may help to some extent but are not as effective in managing the acute pain crisis. Preparing the child for painful procedures (Choice D) is not appropriate at this time as the immediate focus should be on addressing the existing pain.
Question 4 of 5
A child recently diagnosed with aplastic anemia is being prepared for discharge. When planning support for the family, which service should the nurse plan to include in the discharge plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Referrals to support groups and social services. This is important for a child with aplastic anemia as it provides emotional support and resources for the family to cope with the diagnosis. Support groups offer a sense of community and understanding, while social services can help with practical needs. Short-term support (B) may not be sufficient for ongoing needs. Genetic counseling (C) is not typically necessary for aplastic anemia, which is not typically genetic. Nutrition counseling (D) may be important but is not the priority for discharge planning in this case.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse working in labor and delivery is caring for a client with suspected disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which pregnancy complication does the nurse anticipate when reviewing the client’s chart?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Placental abruption. In DIC, excessive clotting can lead to the formation of small clots in the placenta, increasing the risk of placental abruption. This complication can cause severe bleeding, endangering both the mother and the baby. Gestational diabetes (choice A) is not directly related to DIC. Polyhydramnios (choice B) is excessive amniotic fluid and is not typically associated with DIC. Placenta previa (choice D) is when the placenta covers the cervix, which is not directly linked to DIC.