Developed the ROLE MODELING and MODELING theory

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Helen Erickson, Evelyn Tomlin, and Mary Ann Swain's Modeling and Role-Modeling Theory (1980s) sees nurses modeling health e.g., stress coping while adapting care to patient needs. Neuman's stressors, Newman's health expansion, and Benner's expertise differ. This theory fosters growth through tailored care, influencing holistic approaches in nursing practice and education.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Upper and Lower GI series target digestion, fitting the body system framework e.g., assessing stomach function. Functional (ADLs), head-to-toe (full), and cephalocaudal (top-down) are broader. Nurses use this e.g., GI issues for targeted care, per organ-specific assessment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Normal respiration has a 1:2 inspiration-to-expiration ratio e.g., 1-second inhale, 2-second exhale due to passive expiration. Other ratios (2:1, 4:3, 1:1) don't match. Nurses observe this e.g., counting for baseline, per respiratory mechanics.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Abdominal quadrants follow RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ e.g., liver, appendix, spleen, colon for flow. Other orders lack this. Nurses use e.g., pain for consistency, per practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Healthy adults void every 2-3 hours e.g., 6-8 times daily per bladder capacity (400-500 ml). Less or more differ. Nurses assess e.g., frequency for function, per physiology.