ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Creatinine is a:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Creatinine is filtered, not secreted, and cleared, so it's higher in renal arteries than veins (B). It's a waste product, not a carbohydrate (C), and A alone isn't the full answer, making B correct.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome has 3+ ankle and leg edema and ascites. Which nursing diagnosis is a priority for the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Massive edema and ascites (A) from hypoalbuminemia in nephrotic syndrome make excess fluid volume the priority, posing risks like respiratory distress. Activity (B), body image (C), and nutrition (D) are relevant, but fluid overload is most urgent, making A the focus.
Question 3 of 5
A patient gives the admitting nurse health information before a scheduled intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which item requires the nurse to intervene before the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Iodine-based contrast dye is used during IVP and for many CT scans. The nurse will need to notify the health care provider before the procedures so that the patient can receive medications such as antihistamines or corticosteroids before the procedures are started. The other information does not have immediate implications for the patient's care during the procedures.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the patient's history and physical report. What is the term used to describe waste products building up in the blood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uremia (D) describes waste buildup (e.g., BUN, creatinine) in blood from kidney dysfunction. Nitrosemia (A) and proteinemia (B) are not terms, and septicemia (C) is infection-related, making D the correct term.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient who has suspected kidney disease. A high specific gravity of urine is associated with which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High specific gravity occurs with dehydration (A), diabetes mellitus (C), heart failure (E), and nephrosis (F), but A is a primary cause. Diabetes insipidus (B) lowers SG, and excess fluid (D) dilutes it, making A a key association.