ATI LPN
Pediatric Immunizations NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Craniotabes is a clinical sign of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Craniotabes (soft skull bones) results from vitamin D deficiency in rickets, affecting bone mineralization. Kwashiorkor (A) and Marasmus (B) are malnutrition-related. Scurvy (D) affects collagen, not skull softening.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-year-old boy... has a grouping of pustules in the right parietal region... boggy and very tender, and annular hair loss... Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kerion is a fungal infection (tinea capitis) causing pustules, boggy scalp, and hair loss, matching the description. Alopecia areata (A) is non-inflammatory. Atopic dermatitis (B) lacks pustules. Herpes (C) doesn’t cause boggy scalp.
Question 3 of 5
Which vaccine should be given with precautions during pregnancy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) is recommended for all pregnant women during any trimester to protect against influenza, which poses significant risks during pregnancy. However, it should be given with precautions, meaning healthcare providers should assess the patient's condition and ensure no contraindications (e.g., severe allergic reactions to vaccine components) exist. Choice B (MMR) is a live vaccine contraindicated in pregnancy due to theoretical fetal risk. Choice C (HPV) is not routinely recommended during pregnancy due to insufficient safety data, though it’s not contraindicated. Choice D (Hepatitis A) is inactivated and can be given if indicated (e.g., travel risk), but it’s not routinely recommended with precautions like influenza.
Question 4 of 5
Which needle gauge should be used for IM vaccine administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For intramuscular (IM) vaccine administration, the recommended needle gauge is typically 22-25, depending on the patient’s age, size, and muscle mass (e.g., 22-25 for adults, 23-25 for children). This range ensures adequate penetration into the muscle while minimizing discomfort. Choice B (23-25) is a subset but excludes 22, which is commonly used for adults. Choice C (20-23) and D (18-21) involve larger gauges more suited for thicker fluids (e.g., blood draws) rather than vaccines, which are typically aqueous.
Question 5 of 5
Which communicable disease is not vaccine preventable?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tuberculosis (TB) is not fully vaccine-preventable with a universally effective vaccine. The BCG vaccine offers partial protection against severe TB in children (e.g., miliary TB), but it is not effective against pulmonary TB in adults and is not routinely used in many countries like the US. Hepatitis B, pneumococcal disease, and diphtheria have highly effective vaccines (e.g., HepB, PCV13/PPSV23, DTaP/Tdap), making Choice A the correct answer.