ATI LPN
Renal System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Concerning cell volume regulation:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Na/H and Cl/HCO₃ antiports regulate volume in hypertonic conditions (A), water efflux precedes KCl in hypertonic states (B is partial), and KCl efflux adjusts hypotonic swelling (C). A and C are true—antiports for shrinkage, KCl for swelling—while B is incomplete, making D (A and C are correct) the answer.
Question 2 of 5
In the female urinary system, the urethral orifice is situated posterior to the vaginal orifice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In females, the urethral orifice is anterior to the vaginal orifice (B), not posterior, due to anatomical positioning (urethra above vagina). True (A) reverses this, making B correct.
Question 3 of 5
The micturition center is located in the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The micturition center in the pons (A) coordinates the reflex via parasympathetic signals, not medulla (B), cerebellum (C), or basal ganglia (D), making A the control site.
Question 4 of 5
To prevent the recurrence of renal calculi, the nurse teaches the patient to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High fluid intake (2000-3000 mL/day, D) dilutes urine, preventing stone formation. Straining urine (A) monitors, not prevents, calcium restriction (B) is selective, and coffee (C) may increase risk, making D the best prevention.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing action should the nurse who is caring for a patient who has had an ileal conduit for several years delegate to nursing assistive personnel (NAP)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Changing the ostomy appliance (B) in a stable patient is within NAP scope, a routine task. Assessing UTI (A), selecting bags (C), and monitoring stoma (D) require RN judgment, making B delegable.