ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Concerned about the possibility of contracting lyme disease after being bitten by a tick- early manifestation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B - A progressive, circular rash- often develops at the bite site, but can also develop at other sites such as the thighs and knees. This is the early manifestation of Lyme disease known as erythema migrans. The rash typically appears within 3-30 days after a tick bite and expands gradually. Double vision (Choice A) is associated with disseminated Lyme disease in the late stage. Severe joint swelling (Choice C) is not a common early symptom of Lyme disease. Chronic fatigue (Choice D) may occur in later stages but is not a specific early manifestation of Lyme disease.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has recently been diagnosed with psoriasis, and a nurse is educating them about the disorder. What is an example of a statement by the mother that shows the nurse that she understood the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because psoriasis is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of keratinocytes, leading to the formation of plaques on the skin. This statement shows an understanding of the primary pathophysiology of psoriasis. Choice A is incorrect as psoriasis involves abnormal keratinocyte growth, not collagen. Choice C is incorrect because psoriasis is not directly related to joint inflammation. Choice D is also incorrect as psoriasis is not primarily caused by contact with allergens.
Question 3 of 5
Dilutional thrombocytopenia may be caused by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Transfusion of large volumes of blood. Dilutional thrombocytopenia occurs when the concentration of platelets decreases due to the infusion of large volumes of fluid, such as during a blood transfusion. This dilution effect leads to a decrease in platelet count without a true decrease in the total number of platelets in the body. Overhydration (choice A) and excessive drinking (choice B) may lead to fluid overload but do not directly cause dilutional thrombocytopenia. Excessive use of diuretics (choice D) can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances but is not a common cause of dilutional thrombocytopenia.
Question 4 of 5
The 'butterfly' rash often seen in some people with systemic lupus erythematosus is found on:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The face. The butterfly rash in systemic lupus erythematosus is a distinctive reddish rash that spreads across the cheeks and bridge of the nose, resembling the shape of a butterfly. This rash is a hallmark symptom of lupus and typically appears during periods of disease activity. The rash is not typically found on the back, legs, or neck. Therefore, the correct location for the butterfly rash in systemic lupus erythematosus is on the face.
Question 5 of 5
A 4-year-old preschooler with a low platelet count received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). What part of routine health maintenance would the nurse explain to the parents should be delayed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The administration of live-virus vaccines should be delayed. IVIG can interfere with the efficacy of live-virus vaccines by neutralizing the live viruses in the vaccine. The preschooler's immune system may not be able to mount a proper response to the vaccine due to the IVIG. Live-virus vaccines should be postponed for at least 3 months after receiving IVIG to ensure the child's immune system can respond effectively. Incorrect choices: B: Yearly routine dental examination - This is not affected by IVIG treatment and should not be delayed. C: Assessing the child's blood pressure - This is an important aspect of routine health maintenance and should not be delayed. D: Checking the child's visual acuity - This is also an important part of routine health maintenance and should not be delayed.