Client who has AIDS about preventing infection while at home- instructions should include in teaching?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because washing genitalia using an antimicrobial soap helps prevent the spread of infection in individuals with AIDS. Antimicrobial soaps can kill germs and reduce the risk of transmitting infections. This step is crucial for maintaining personal hygiene and preventing the transmission of pathogens. Rinsing dishes with cold water (Option A) is incorrect because hot and sudsy water is necessary to effectively clean dishes and eliminate germs. Avoiding hand washing (Option C) is incorrect as hand washing is essential for preventing the spread of infections. Using only paper towels to dry hands (Option D) is not as important as proper hand washing with soap and water.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infection. Iron deficiency anemia is primarily caused by inadequate iron intake, chronic blood loss (e.g., gastrointestinal bleeding), and malabsorption issues. Infections do not directly lead to iron deficiency anemia. Infections can lead to anemia of chronic disease due to inflammation affecting iron utilization, but they do not cause iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as chronic blood loss, malabsorption, and decreased intake are well-established causes of iron deficiency anemia, respectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 30 minutes. After taking an HIV antibody test, the patient is required to wait for 30 minutes before the results can be accurately interpreted. This waiting period allows for the proper reaction time for the test results to develop. Waiting for 30 minutes ensures that any potential errors or discrepancies in the test results are minimized. Choice A (30 days) is incorrect as waiting this long is unnecessary and impractical for obtaining HIV test results. Choice B (1 hour) and Choice D (10 minutes) are incorrect as they do not align with the standard waiting time recommended for HIV antibody tests. Waiting for 30 minutes strikes a balance between allowing sufficient time for accurate results while not unnecessarily prolonging the waiting period.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because educating parents and the child on how to minimize sickle cell crises is crucial in managing the disease effectively. By teaching them about triggers, symptoms, and preventive measures, they can proactively address potential crises and improve the child's quality of life. Referring for genetic counseling (B) is important but not the most immediate consideration. Observing for transfusion complications (C) is necessary but not the primary focus of teaching. Helping the family adjust (D) is important but not as urgent as minimizing crises.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fever and petechiae. Fever and petechiae are indicative of a potential infection or bleeding, which can be life-threatening for a leukemia patient due to compromised immune system and low platelet count. Immediate nursing intervention would involve assessing the severity of the fever, monitoring for signs of sepsis, and addressing any bleeding issues. A: An enlarged liver and spleen may be common in leukemia but do not require immediate intervention unless associated with other symptoms. B: Fatigue is common in leukemia but not as urgent as signs of infection or bleeding. D: Swollen glands and lethargy are also common in leukemia but do not require immediate intervention unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms.