ATI LPN
Immune System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Client having radioisotopic imaging scan. Most important action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Teach about procedure. This is important as it ensures the client understands what to expect during the radioisotopic imaging scan, reducing anxiety and enhancing cooperation. Assessing for shellfish allergies (A) is not relevant to this procedure. Placing on radiation precautions (B) is not necessary for a diagnostic imaging scan. Sedating before the scan (C) may not be appropriate unless medically indicated. Teaching about the procedure (D) is crucial for informed consent and optimal client preparation.
Question 2 of 5
A client with HIV infection has begun experiencing severe diarrhea. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention to help alleviate the diarrhea?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antidiarrheal medications on a scheduled basis, as prescribed. This is the most appropriate nursing intervention because antidiarrheal medications can help control severe diarrhea in clients with HIV infection. The medications can help reduce the frequency and urgency of bowel movements, leading to improved comfort and hydration levels for the client. Choice B is incorrect as simply encouraging the client to eat balanced meals will not directly address the severe diarrhea. Choice C, while important for overall health, may not directly alleviate the severe diarrhea without the addition of medications. Choice D is incorrect as increasing activity level may exacerbate the diarrhea and lead to further dehydration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing ongoing care for a client who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and assessment reveals a client with a newly delayed and shortened speech pattern. The client, who previously had no neurological or motor deficits, has forgotten that they are in the hospital and has trouble getting out of bed. Which problem is the client most likely experiencing related to these signs and symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client is most likely experiencing signs of subcortical neurodegenerative disease. The symptoms of delayed and shortened speech pattern, memory loss, and difficulty with motor skills point towards a subcortical neurological issue affecting the basal ganglia or other subcortical structures. This disease can lead to cognitive and motor deficits, as seen in the client's presentation. Choice A, Cryptococcal meningitis, typically presents with fever, headache, and neck stiffness, not cognitive and motor deficits. Choice B, Cytomegalovirus retinitis, primarily affects the eyes and vision, not speech and motor skills. Choice C, Peripheral neuropathy, involves damage to peripheral nerves, causing numbness and tingling in extremities, not cognitive and motor impairments. Therefore, the most likely problem based on the client's signs and symptoms is subcortical neurodegenerative disease.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is a common treatment for polycythemia vera?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Phlebotomy. Phlebotomy is a common treatment for polycythemia vera as it involves removing excess red blood cells from the body. This helps reduce the risk of blood clots and other complications associated with the condition. Bisphosphonates (A) are not used to treat polycythemia vera. A high-protein diet (B) and Vitamin C supplements (C) do not address the underlying issue of excess red blood cells in polycythemia vera.
Question 5 of 5
Which blood test result for a client being assessed for a hematologic problem indicates to the nurse that chronic anemia is likely?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: A high reticulocyte value indicates increased bone marrow production to compensate for chronic anemia. A low hematocrit indicates anemia severity but not chronicity. INR and platelet count are not specific to chronic anemia.