ATI LPN
Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Client having bone marrow biopsy today. Priority action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because ensuring a valid consent is on the chart is the priority before any procedure, including a bone marrow biopsy. This step ensures that the client has been properly informed about the procedure, risks, benefits, and has given their consent. Administering pain medication (choice A) should be done after ensuring proper consent. Having the client shower in the morning (choice C) is not a priority before the procedure. Premedicating with sedatives (choice D) may not be necessary or appropriate for all clients and should be decided based on individual assessment.
Question 2 of 5
A client's current antiretroviral regimen includes enfuvirtide (T-20). What dietary counseling will the nurse provide based on the client's medication regimen?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Take this medication without regard to meals. Enfuvirtide is administered by injection and should be taken with or without food. It is not affected by food intake, so there is no specific dietary counseling needed. A: Avoiding high-fat meals is not necessary for enfuvirtide. B: There is no need to limit fluid intake for this medication. C: Limiting sodium intake is not specifically related to enfuvirtide therapy. In summary, the other choices are incorrect because enfuvirtide does not require any specific dietary restrictions or recommendations.
Question 3 of 5
A client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is admitted to the hospital because of chronic severe diarrhea. The nurse caring for this client should expect the health care provider to prescribe which medication for the management of the client's diarrhea?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Octreotide acetate. Octreotide is used to manage severe diarrhea in HIV patients by reducing gastrointestinal secretions. It inhibits the release of serotonin and other hormones that contribute to diarrhea. Fluoxetine (A) is an antidepressant and not indicated for diarrhea. Levofloxacin (C) is an antibiotic used for bacterial infections, not for diarrhea. Valganciclovir (D) is an antiviral used for cytomegalovirus infections in HIV patients, but not for diarrhea management. Therefore, Octreotide acetate is the appropriate choice for this client's chronic severe diarrhea.
Question 4 of 5
When a client is diagnosed with aplastic anemia, the nurse monitors for changes in which of the following physiological functions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bleeding tendencies. Aplastic anemia is characterized by decreased production of blood cells, leading to a low platelet count and increased risk of bleeding. Monitoring for changes in bleeding tendencies is crucial to assess the severity of the condition and intervene promptly if necessary. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the pathophysiology of aplastic anemia. Tracking intake and output is important for renal function, peripheral sensation for neurological assessment, and bowel function for gastrointestinal health, but they are not primary concerns in managing aplastic anemia.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is not typically a symptom of autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Easy bruising. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells by the immune system, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, mild jaundice, and spleen enlargement. Easy bruising is not a typical symptom of autoimmune hemolytic anemia because it is primarily related to platelet disorders or clotting abnormalities, not red blood cell destruction. Therefore, easy bruising is not directly associated with this specific type of anemia.