ATI LPN
Immune System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Client anxious about bone marrow biopsy. Best action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess fears and coping mechanisms. This is the best action because it allows the healthcare provider to understand the specific anxieties the client has about the bone marrow biopsy. By assessing fears and coping mechanisms, the healthcare provider can tailor their approach to provide appropriate support and information. Reassuring it's a common test (B) may not address the client's specific fears. Sedating prior to the procedure (C) may not be necessary if the client's anxiety can be adequately managed through other means. Telling the client they'll be asleep (D) may not address the underlying anxieties and may lead to false expectations.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a recent diagnosis of HIV infection expresses an interest in exploring alternative and complementary therapies. How should the nurse best respond?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Acknowledge client interest in alternative therapies. Step 2: Provide balanced information about alternative therapies. Step 3: Emphasize benefits and risks of alternative therapies. Step 4: Encourage open discussion and decision-making with healthcare provider. Choice C is correct as it acknowledges client autonomy, provides information, and promotes informed decision-making. Choice A is incorrect as it dismisses alternative therapies outright. Choice B is incorrect as it discourages without considering individual preferences. Choice D is incorrect as it presents a binary choice without discussing the nuances of treatment options.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing the skin integrity of a client who has AIDS. When performing this inspection, the nurse should prioritize assessment of what skin surfaces.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perianal region and oral mucosa. In clients with AIDS, these areas are particularly prone to opportunistic infections due to the compromised immune system. The perianal region can be affected by conditions like anal warts or fungal infections, while oral mucosa can develop oral thrush or other oral infections. These areas are also important for early detection and treatment to prevent systemic spread of infections. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not prioritize areas that are more susceptible to infections in clients with AIDS.
Question 4 of 5
A child suspected of having sickle cell disease is seen in a clinic, and laboratory studies are performed. A nurse checks the lab results, knowing that which of the following would be increased in this disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reticulocyte count. In sickle cell disease, there is a chronic hemolytic anemia leading to increased destruction of red blood cells. As a compensatory mechanism, the bone marrow increases production of immature red blood cells called reticulocytes. This results in an elevated reticulocyte count in sickle cell disease. Platelet count (A) is typically not affected in sickle cell disease. Hematocrit level (B) may be decreased due to anemia. Hemoglobin level (D) may also be decreased due to the chronic hemolysis.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following disorders results from a deficiency of factor VIII?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hemophilia A. Factor VIII deficiency is characteristic of Hemophilia A. Factor VIII is crucial for blood clotting, and its deficiency leads to prolonged bleeding. Sickle cell disease (A) is a genetic disorder affecting red blood cells. Christmas disease (B) is another name for Hemophilia B, which results from a deficiency of factor IX, not factor VIII. Therefore, the incorrect choices are A, B, and D.