ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Practice Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Click to Highlight below the 3 orders that nurse should perform right away Case Studies
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In an urgent case study scenario, the nurse must prioritize orders based on patient stability and immediate needs. Administering 0.9% sodium chloride 500 ml IV once (C) is a critical action to restore fluid volume or stabilize hemodynamics, often indicated in shock, dehydration, or pending diagnostic results. Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter (A) monitors output but isn't immediately life-saving unless bladder obstruction is suspected. A CT scan of the chest (B) diagnoses conditions like pulmonary embolism, but preparation delays execution compared to IV fluids. Laboratory tests (D) like blood cultures, CBC, and ABGs are essential for infection or respiratory assessment but take time to process, lacking the immediacy of fluid administration. The question seeks three priority actions, but the CSV requires one answer, so C is selected as the most actionable and impactful initial step. Rationale: IV saline addresses acute hypovolemia or hypotension swiftly, buying time for diagnostics and interventions, aligning with emergency nursing principles of stabilizing ABCs (airway, breathing, circulation) first.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assisting in caring for a client with a tracheal tube attached to a ventilator when the high-pressure alarm sounds. The nurse checks the client and system for which most likely cause?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A high-pressure alarm indicates resistance in the ventilator circuit; accumulation of secretions (D) is the most likely cause, obstructing airflow. A cuff leak (A) or disconnection (C) triggers low-pressure alarms. A loose connection (B) is less common for high pressure. D is correct. Rationale: Secretions block the tube, increasing pressure needed to ventilate, a frequent issue in intubated patients, requiring suctioning, per ventilator troubleshooting protocols. This distinguishes it from leaks or disconnections, ensuring timely airway clearance.
Question 3 of 5
When caring for a client with a head injury that may have involved the medulla, the nurse bases assessments on the knowledge that the medulla controls a variety of functions. Which functions will the nurse assess? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The medulla controls vital functions like pulse rate (C), breathing (B), and swallowing. Balance (A) is cerebellar. Temperature regulation (D) is hypothalamic. C is correct for CSV. Rationale: Medulla injury disrupts cardiac rhythm, a critical assessment in head trauma, per neuroanatomy, as it houses the vagus nerve and cardiovascular centers, unlike other regions controlling non-vital functions.
Question 4 of 5
Which color tag will be given by the triage nurse to a client assigned to class IV, during a mass casualty situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Class IV in mass casualty triage (black tag, B) indicates expectant/deceased, unlikely to survive. Red (A) is immediate. Green (C) is minor. Yellow (D) is delayed. B is correct. Rationale: Black tags prioritize resources for salvageable patients, a standard in disaster triage, per START protocol.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a spinal cord injury who is at risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sequential compression devices (A) prevent DVT in immobile SCI patients. Active exercise (B) isn't feasible. Anticoagulants (C) need orders. Massage (D) risks emboli. A is correct. Rationale: Compression enhances venous return, reducing stasis, per DVT prophylaxis in SCI, a standard intervention.