Civil registries are important sources of data. Which law requires registration of births within 30 days from the occurrence of the birth?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: PD 651. This law is the Civil Registry Law, which mandates the registration of births within 30 days. PD 651 was enacted specifically to ensure the timely and accurate recording of vital events. Act 3573 pertains to the reporting of communicable diseases, not birth registration. RA 3753 focuses on the use of an alias or pseudonym, not birth registration. RA 3375 involves the registration of firearms, not births. Overall, PD 651 is the most relevant law in requiring the registration of births within 30 days, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Primigravida refers to a woman pregnant for the first time. 2. Colostrum is the first milk produced after childbirth, rich in antibodies and nutrients. 3. Offering the breast within 30 minutes ensures the baby receives this vital colostrum. 4. Colostrum provides immune protection and establishes the baby's gut microbiome. 5. Options A and B relate to mature milk production, not colostrum. 6. Option D focuses on practice, not the immediate benefits of colostrum.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Folic Acid. Folic Acid deficiency during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. Folic acid is crucial for proper neural tube formation in early pregnancy. Niacin (A), Riboflavin (B), and Thiamine (D) deficiencies do not directly impact neural tube development. Niacin is important for energy production, riboflavin for cell growth and function, and thiamine for nerve function, but they do not specifically affect neural tube closure like folic acid does.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The OB score G5P3 means the client has had 5 pregnancies with 3 live births. This indicates a history of multiple pregnancies and deliveries, suggesting a higher risk for complications during labor. This would disqualify her for a home delivery due to the increased potential for obstetric emergencies. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: - B: Palmar pallor may indicate anemia but can be managed in a hospital setting. - C: Blood pressure of 130/80 is within normal range and does not necessarily disqualify her for a home delivery. - D: Cephalic presentation means the baby's head is down, which is a favorable position for delivery and does not disqualify her for a home birth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most suitable method for collecting data in this scenario is a survey (Choice B). Here's the rationale: 1. Surveys allow for direct interaction with families to gather specific information on PEM. 2. Surveys can be tailored to ask targeted questions related to nutritional status. 3. Surveys provide a structured approach to collecting data from a sample of families. 4. Census (Choice A) collects data from the entire population, not just the target group. 5. Record review (Choice C) may not capture current or specific details on PEM. 6. Review of civil registry (Choice D) focuses on demographic data, not specific nutritional information.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because as a healthcare provider attending to a delivery, noting the interval, duration, and intensity of labor and contractions is crucial for assessing the progress of labor and ensuring the safety of both the mother and the baby. This information helps in determining if the delivery is progressing normally or if there are any complications that require immediate attention. Setting up a sterile area (choice A) and putting on a clean gown and apron (choice B) are important steps but should come after assessing the labor progress. Cleansing the client's vulva with soap and water (choice C) is not recommended during labor as it can introduce bacteria and increase the risk of infection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct interval between tetanus toxoid doses for pregnant women is 4 weeks. This short interval ensures optimal immunity for both the mother and the baby against tetanus. Giving the dose every 4 weeks during pregnancy helps maintain the protective levels of antibodies. Waiting longer intervals could decrease the effectiveness of the vaccine and leave the mother and baby vulnerable to tetanus infection. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because longer intervals between doses may not provide adequate protection and could compromise immunity levels during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Retinol 200,000 IU. Retinol in high doses can cause birth defects in a developing fetus. Pregnant women should avoid excessive vitamin A intake to prevent harm to the baby. Tetanus toxoid (A), ferrous sulfate (C), and potassium iodate (D) are safe and recommended for pregnant women to support their health and the baby's development. In summary, retinol 200,000 IU is contraindicated due to the potential for birth defects, while the other choices are safe and beneficial during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver cancer. The Hepatitis B vaccine prevents Hepatitis B infection, which is a major cause of chronic liver disease and can lead to liver cancer. Jaundice (choice A) is a symptom of Hepatitis B infection, not a disease prevented by the vaccine. Pneumonia (choice C) and Tuberculosis (choice D) are both respiratory infections and are not prevented by the Hepatitis B vaccine. The key is to understand the specific disease targeted by the vaccine and its related health outcomes.