Chemicals that function to minimize changes in the pH of body fluids are called

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14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions

Question 1 of 5

Chemicals that function to minimize changes in the pH of body fluids are called

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Buffers resist pH changes by binding or releasing hydrogen ions.

Question 2 of 5

A falling blood pH and a rising concentration of carbon dioxide due to emphysema, indicate

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Emphysema impairs CO₂ excretion, causing respiratory acidosis.

Question 3 of 5

Bob Trotts has an enteropathogenic E. coli infection resulting in severe diarrhea for 2 days. This could produce which of the following: 1. acidosis, 2. alkalosis, 3. increased respiration, 4. decreased respiration, 5. increased ADH secretion, 6. increased renin secretion, 7. increased urine concentration

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Diarrhea causes acidosis (HCO₃⁻ loss), increases respiration (compensation), ADH/renin (volume loss), and urine concentration.

Question 4 of 5

prolonged diarrhea resulting in excessive loss of bicarbonate

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Bicarbonate loss in diarrhea leads to metabolic acidosis.

Question 5 of 5

Normal plasma pH is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Normal plasma pH is 7.4, maintained by buffers and compensation.

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