ATI LPN
Quiz Questions Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Characteristic of early local inflammation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Release of histamine. Early local inflammation is characterized by the release of histamine from mast cells and basophils in response to tissue injury. Histamine causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, leading to redness, swelling, and heat at the site of inflammation. Fever (choice A) typically occurs during systemic inflammation, not in early local inflammation. Anaphylactic shock (choice B) is a severe, systemic allergic reaction involving widespread histamine release, not confined to the local area of inflammation. The attack of cytotoxic T cells (choice D) is part of the adaptive immune response and is not typically involved in the early stages of inflammation.
Question 2 of 5
A client with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is admitted to the medical unit. The nurse caring for the client should prioritize which intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Protective isolation. WAS is an immunodeficiency disorder, making the client highly susceptible to infections. Protective isolation helps prevent exposure to pathogens, reducing the risk of infections. Fresh-frozen plasma (B) is not a priority as it does not address the immediate risk of infection. Chest physiotherapy (C) and nutritional supplementation (D) are important but do not directly address the primary concern of preventing infections in an immunocompromised client like in WAS.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning the care of a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is admitted to the unit with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ineffective airway clearance. This is the highest priority for a client with AIDS and PCP as it can lead to respiratory distress and compromise oxygenation. Priority setting involves addressing life-threatening issues first. Impaired airway clearance can lead to respiratory failure, so it must be addressed immediately. Choices B, C, and D are important but not as critical as ensuring adequate airway clearance in a client with PCP. Impaired oral mucous membranes, imbalanced nutrition, and activity intolerance can be addressed once the airway is secured.
Question 4 of 5
A client with HIV will be receiving care in the home setting. What aspect of self-care should the nurse emphasize during discharge education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Importance of personal hygiene. This is crucial for a client with HIV to prevent infections. Hygiene practices like regular handwashing can reduce the risk of opportunistic infections. Prophylactic antibiotics (A) may be prescribed, but emphasizing hygiene is more fundamental. Wasting syndrome (C) is important, but not as essential as hygiene. Adjusting antiretroviral dosages (D) should be managed by the healthcare provider, not the client.
Question 5 of 5
The clinic nurse instructs the mother of a child with sickle cell disease about the precipitating factors related to pain crisis. Which of the following, if identified by the mother as a precipitating factor, indicates the need for further instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fluid overload. In sickle cell disease, excess fluid can lead to increased blood viscosity and further sickling of red blood cells, potentially triggering a pain crisis. In contrast, infection, trauma, and stress are known triggers for pain crisis in sickle cell disease, but they do not necessarily indicate a need for further instructions as the mother may already be aware of these factors. Therefore, identifying fluid overload as a precipitating factor would require additional instructions to avoid exacerbating the child's condition.