Cerebral palsy is a progressive disorder of posture and movement resulting from a brain lesion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive disorder from a static brain lesion, affecting posture and movement. Option B (False) is correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), administered nasally, is contraindicated in individuals with severe asthma because it can exacerbate respiratory conditions due to its replication in the nasal passages. Choice A (egg allergy) is not a contraindication for LAIV since current formulations have minimal egg protein, and ACIP allows its use in egg-allergic patients unless anaphylaxis history exists. Choice C (chronic diseases) is too vague—some chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes) are not contraindications, though immunocompromised states are. Choice D (active tuberculosis) is a precaution, not an absolute contraindication, though vaccination may be deferred. Severe asthma is the clearest contraindication here.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line, immediate treatment for anaphylaxis, administered intramuscularly (e.g., via EpiPen) to reverse airway constriction, hypotension, and other life-threatening symptoms by stimulating alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Choice A (Benadryl, diphenhydramine) and D (Reactine, cetirizine) are antihistamines used as adjuncts to reduce itching and hives but do not address acute airway or cardiovascular collapse. Choice B (Gravol, dimenhydrinate) is an antiemetic, irrelevant to anaphylaxis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tetanus, caused by *Clostridium tetani*, is not spread person-to-person. It is acquired through environmental exposure (e.g., wound contamination with soil containing spores), not respiratory or direct contact. Meningococcal (*Neisseria meningitidis*), tuberculosis (*Mycobacterium tuberculosis*), and influenza Type B (*Haemophilus influenzae* type b, despite its name) are transmitted person-to-person via droplets or respiratory secretions, making Choice C the exception.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: An attenuated vaccine contains a live but weakened (attenuated) virus or bacteria that replicates minimally in the host, stimulating a strong immune response without causing disease (e.g., MMR, varicella). Choice A describes inactivated/killed vaccines, Choice B refers to combination vaccines (not attenuation), and Choice C describes toxoid vaccines (e.g., tetanus), making Choice D the correct definition.