Celiac disease presents many challenges for a family. What should the nurse emphasize when educating the parents of a newly diagnosed child?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it emphasizes the importance of monitoring the child's weight and height to ensure they reach normal levels, which is crucial for their overall health and growth. This information helps the parents understand the expected timeline for improvement. A: Ice cream may contain gluten unless specified gluten-free, so it is not a safe dessert option for a child with celiac disease. C: Processed foods often contain hidden sources of gluten, so it is essential for parents to carefully read labels and choose certified gluten-free options. D: While insurance coverage for celiac diets varies, it is not the most critical aspect to emphasize when educating parents of a newly diagnosed child.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevent dehydration. Dehydration can exacerbate hypoxia and increase the risk of cerebrovascular accidents in children with cardiac defects. Here's a step-by-step rationale: 1. Dehydration leads to decreased blood volume and thickening of blood, which can impair oxygen delivery to the brain. 2. Maintaining adequate hydration helps in optimizing blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain, reducing the risk of strokes. 3. Minimizing seizures (choice A) is important, but not directly related to decreasing the risk of strokes. 4. Promoting cardiac output (choice C) is crucial for overall perfusion but does not specifically target the risk of strokes. 5. Reducing energy expenditure (choice D) may be important for conserving energy, but it does not directly address the risk of strokes associated with dehydration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because counseling parents of high-risk children about the importance of prophylactic antibiotics before dental procedures is the primary nursing intervention to prevent bacterial endocarditis. This is crucial as dental procedures can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, leading to endocarditis in susceptible individuals. Choice B is incorrect because preventing dental procedures altogether is not necessary, rather ensuring prophylactic antibiotics are administered before procedures is key. Choice C, encouraging restricted mobility, is not a recommended intervention for preventing endocarditis. Choice D focuses on observing for complications rather than preventing the condition in the first place, making it an incorrect choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because pathogenic microorganisms reproduce and evolve more rapidly than the host can eliminate them. This rapid reproduction and evolution allow the pathogens to adapt quickly to host defenses, leading to successful infection. Choice A and B are incorrect because previous exposure through natural exposure or vaccination does not necessarily give pathogens an advantage. Choice C is incorrect because pathogens typically weaken the host's immune response rather than strengthen it.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because hematopoietic stem cells give rise to all blood cell types, including both white and red blood cells. The other choices are true: A is correct as hematopoiesis does occur in various locations, C is true as hematopoietic stem cells can self-renew, and D is accurate as platelets do participate in clotting to prevent blood loss. Overall, B is the only statement that is false in this context.