ATI LPN
Questions for the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Cardiac output is the volume of blood ejected from the _____ ventricle into the _____ each minute.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cardiac output (CO) is the blood volume ejected from either ventricle left into the aorta (systemic), right into the pulmonary trunk (lungs) per minute, ~5 L total. 'Left, aorta' or 'right, pulmonary' alone is half; 'right, aorta' is wrong. This dual definition reflects parallel circuits, key in measuring heart efficiency, critical in failure where CO drops, a broad metric in physiology.
Question 2 of 5
The organs of the conducting zone of the respiratory system include all the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alveoli (D) are not in the conducting zone, per the key they're respiratory zone structures for gas exchange. The nose (A) filters/moistens air (e.g., 90% humidity). The trachea (B) and bronchi (C) conduct air (16 generations of branching), with cartilage/mucus clearing debris. The conducting zone (nose to terminal bronchioles) warms, humidifies, and cleans air (e.g., 37°C), per physiology. Alveoli (300 million) perform external respiration (600 mL/min O₂), not conduction. This excludes D its role in diffusion (0.2 μm barrier) contrasts with A's filtration, B's patency, or C's airflow, marking it as the exception.
Question 3 of 5
What intervention should the nurse identify as the priority for the client with a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Airway Clearance related to tumor mass?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Coughing, deep breathing, and hydration (C) are priority for airway clearance with a tumor mass, per document (3). Cough expels mucus (e.g., 50 mL/day), breathing opens airways, and fluids (2-3 L) thin secretions. Oâ‚‚ (A) treats hypoxemia, not clearance. Elevation (B) aids breathing, not obstruction. Tracheostomy (D) is last-resort. C's active clearance boosting tidal volume (500 mL) targets tumor blockage, unlike A's support or D's invasiveness.
Question 4 of 5
A child with laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) is being treated in the ED. What should the nurse plan to do to ease resp. distress? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High-Fowler's (A), racemic epinephrine (B), corticosteroids (C), and calm parents ease LTB distress, per document (1). A (60-90°) reduces airway edema pressure (e.g., 10 mmHg drop). Epinephrine shrinks swelling (5-10 min onset). Steroids cut inflammation. Antibiotics (D) are viral-irrelevant. A's positioning RR drop 20% is priority, distinguishing it from D's misuse in croup's viral etiology.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse anticipates using postural drainage as a treatment modality for which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis (CF) uses postural drainage (C), per document (3). Thick mucus (CFTR defect) needs percussion (50 mL/day cleared), improving V/Q. Epiglottitis (A) risks airway closure drainage contraindicated. Aspiration (B) needs removal, not drainage. BPD (D) uses it less. C's mucus burden FEVâ‚ <60% makes it key, unlike A's swelling.