Body fluid pH will rise dramatically when

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

A. sodium is excreted by the kidney B. large amounts of bicarbonate are ingested C. carbonic acid is formed D. the respiratory rate decreases

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Excess bicarbonate ingestion neutralizes H⁺, raising pH.

Prolonged vomiting of stomach contents will result in

A. metabolic acidosis B. metabolic alkalosis C. respiratory acidosis D. respiratory alkalosis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Loss of gastric H⁺ raises pH, leading to metabolic alkalosis.

hypoventilation

A. respiratory acidosis B. respiratory alkalosis C. metabolic acidosis D. metabolic alkalosis

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hypoventilation retains CO₂ causing respiratory acidosis.

The main extracellular anion is

A. bicarbonate B. chloride C. phosphate D. sulfate

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chloride is the primary extracellular anion, balancing sodium.

A person suffering from second and third degree burns over 60% of their body develops hyperkalemia. Why does this happen?

A. Potassium is retained B. Potassium leaks from cells C. Sodium increases D. Calcium decreases

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hyperkalemia occurs as potassium leaks from damaged cells into the extracellular fluid.

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