ATI LPN
Quiz Questions Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Best way to assess pallor in a dark-skinned client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing the conjunctiva of the eye is the best way to evaluate pallor in a dark-skinned client. Pallor is often difficult to detect on the skin in dark-skinned individuals. The conjunctiva is a mucous membrane that covers the eye and can show signs of pallor, such as a paler color. This method provides a reliable indicator of pallor in dark-skinned clients. Choice B (having the client open hand widely) and choice C (looking at the roof of the mouth) are not as effective in assessing pallor in dark-skinned clients because these areas may not show visible signs of pallor. Choice D (palpating for mild swelling) is also not relevant to assessing pallor, as swelling and pallor are distinct signs with different assessment methods.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning the care of a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is admitted to the unit with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ineffective airway clearance. This is the highest priority for a client with AIDS and PCP as it can lead to respiratory distress and compromise oxygenation. Priority setting involves addressing life-threatening issues first. Impaired airway clearance can lead to respiratory failure, so it must be addressed immediately. Choices B, C, and D are important but not as critical as ensuring adequate airway clearance in a client with PCP. Impaired oral mucous membranes, imbalanced nutrition, and activity intolerance can be addressed once the airway is secured.
Question 3 of 5
A client with HIV will be receiving care in the home setting. What aspect of self-care should the nurse emphasize during discharge education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Importance of personal hygiene. This is crucial for a client with HIV to prevent infections. Hygiene practices like regular handwashing can reduce the risk of opportunistic infections. Prophylactic antibiotics (A) may be prescribed, but emphasizing hygiene is more fundamental. Wasting syndrome (C) is important, but not as essential as hygiene. Adjusting antiretroviral dosages (D) should be managed by the healthcare provider, not the client.
Question 4 of 5
The clinic nurse instructs the mother of a child with sickle cell disease about the precipitating factors related to pain crisis. Which of the following, if identified by the mother as a precipitating factor, indicates the need for further instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fluid overload. In sickle cell disease, excess fluid can lead to increased blood viscosity and further sickling of red blood cells, potentially triggering a pain crisis. In contrast, infection, trauma, and stress are known triggers for pain crisis in sickle cell disease, but they do not necessarily indicate a need for further instructions as the mother may already be aware of these factors. Therefore, identifying fluid overload as a precipitating factor would require additional instructions to avoid exacerbating the child's condition.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a bone marrow biopsy done. Which nursing intervention is the priority post-procedure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Applying pressure to the biopsy site is the priority post-procedure to prevent bleeding and ensure hemostasis. Inspecting the site for ecchymoses can be done after ensuring hemostasis. Sending the biopsy specimens to the laboratory is important but not as immediate as ensuring the client's safety. Teaching the client about avoiding vigorous activity is important for overall recovery but not as immediate as preventing bleeding post-procedure.