ATI LPN
ATI Fundamentals LPN Questions
Question 1 of 5
Becky has been NPO since midnight in preparation for a blood test. The adreno-cortical response is activated. Which of the following is an expected response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The adrenocortical response, triggered by fasting (NPO status), activates stress hormones like cortisol and aldosterone, conserving resources during deprivation. Decreased urine output results from aldosterone's promotion of sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys, maintaining fluid volume and blood pressure. This adaptation counters the stress of fasting, ensuring homeostasis. Low blood pressure would oppose this, as the response aims to stabilize circulation, not reduce it. Warm, dry skin isn't typical; stress might cause cool, clammy skin from vasoconstriction, but fasting alone doesn't dictate this. Decreased serum sodium levels contradict aldosterone's sodium-retaining effect, which elevates or stabilizes sodium. Decreased urine output aligns with the body's conservation mechanism, making it the expected physiological response in this scenario, critical for nurses to recognize during patient monitoring.
Question 2 of 5
Nursing identifies its domain in a paradigm that includes:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing's paradigm comprises person (client), health (well-being goal), environment/situation (context), and nursing (practice) a metaparadigm unifying theories like Nightingale's or Watson's. This defines nursing's scope, focusing on client care holistically. Concepts, theory, health, and environment are abstract, not a complete paradigm missing 'person' and 'nursing.' Health, person, environment, and theory swap 'nursing' for 'theory,' confusing framework with product. Nurses, physicians, models, and needs mix roles and tools, not core concepts. The person, health, environment, and nursing quartet encapsulates nursing's domain, guiding practice and research comprehensively.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to take vital signs in an alert client admitted with dehydration secondary to vomiting and diarrhea. What is the best method to assess the client's temperature?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Axillary is safest and most accessible for a dehydrated client with GI issues, avoiding oral route due to vomiting and diarrhea.
Question 4 of 5
1 cup is equal to how many ounces?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: One cup is standardized as 8 fluid ounces.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse observes that Mr. Adams begins to have increased difficulty breathing. She elevates the head of the bed to the high Fowler position, which decreases his respiratory distress. The nurse documents this breathing as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orthopnea is difficulty breathing relieved by an upright position.