ATI LPN
HESI LPN Fundamentals Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Attracting minorities to the profession of nursing is an important consideration for the future of nursing. Which key historical nursing figure set a precedent in this area?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mary Elizabeth Mahoney's legacy as the first African American nurse in the United States marks her as a trailblazer for minorities in nursing, setting a powerful precedent for diversity. Graduating in 1879, she broke racial barriers in a predominantly white profession, advocating for equal opportunities and inspiring future generations. Her work elevated nursing's professional status and highlighted the need for inclusivity, aligning with efforts to address healthcare disparities. Nora Livingston established early hospital training in North America, but her focus was structural, not diversity. Mary Agnes Snively advanced Canadian nursing organizationally, while Mary Ann Bickerdyke improved Civil War care logistics, neither emphasizing minority inclusion. Mahoney's pioneering role remains a cornerstone for recruiting diverse talent, ensuring nursing reflects and serves varied populations, a critical consideration for its future relevance and equity.
Question 2 of 5
Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Health promotion and illness prevention are nursing cornerstones because chronic illnesses like heart disease or diabetes are the world's leading health problems, per WHO, driving morbidity and mortality. Nurses tackle this by fostering wellness e.g., teaching diet to prevent hypertension reducing chronicity's burden. Cost, pain, and aversion to sickness matter, but their root lies in chronic prevalence, making prevention paramount. Nurses' proactive role immunizations, lifestyle counseling curbs these conditions' onset or progression, even in diagnosed clients, enhancing life quality. This responsibility reflects nursing's global impact, addressing a pervasive challenge with education and advocacy, not just reaction, aligning with public health goals to shift focus from cure to prevention.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who tells the nurse, 'I used to exercise daily, but since my diagnosis of COPD, I don't do much of anything.' Which nursing response promotes the client's health?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a COPD client who's stopped exercising, promoting health means adapting to limits while encouraging activity 'Let's find activities you can enjoy' offers tailored options like gentle walking or chair exercises, boosting lung function and mood without overtaxing breathing. This tertiary prevention approach enhances life quality post-diagnosis, a nursing strength, as studies show light activity cuts COPD decline. Returning to old routines risks exhaustion, ignoring lung capacity loss. Dismissing exercise negates its benefits movement aids oxygen use. Pushing through fatigue could worsen symptoms, not help. The nurse's reply fosters hope and agency, key to managing chronic illness, aligning with nursing's goal to optimize function and well-being within new realities.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse provides teaching to the parents of an adolescent client with generalized anxiety disorder. Which statements by the nurse are included in the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) teaching includes D: brain chemistry contributes via neurotransmitter imbalances (e.g., serotonin). A is false; GAD is common. B and C are true but not the single focus. Rationale: Neurochemical factors are a core GAD cause, per DSM-5, guiding treatment like SSRIs, making D essential for parental understanding.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assisting in caring for a postoperative client who had a pneumonectomy. The nurse monitors the client for which adverse signs and symptoms indicating acute pulmonary edema?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-pneumonectomy, frothy sputum (A) signals acute pulmonary edema, a fluid overload complication. Pain (B) is surgical. Chest tube drainage (C) isn't present post-pneumonectomy. Rate of 20 (D) is normal. A is correct. Rationale: Frothy sputum reflects alveolar fluid, requiring urgent intervention, per post-surgical monitoring standards.