ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Angiotensin II receptors are found in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Angiotensin II receptors (AT1) are prominently found in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex, where they stimulate aldosterone release to increase Na⺠reabsorption and blood pressure. While present in renal arterioles, their key endocrine role is in the adrenal gland, not JG cells (A), macula densa (B), or intercalated cells (D), making C correct.
Question 2 of 5
Which statement by a patient demonstrates an accurate understanding about herbal supplements?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Herbal supplements lack standardization in the U.S. (D), as the FDA classifies them as dietary supplements, not drugs, leading to variable potency and quality. Herbs can interact with medications and other herbs (A), most aren't rigorously tested (B), and FDA regulation is minimal (C), making D the accurate understanding.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse preceptor asks the newly graduated nurse why it is essential for providers to employ a multifaceted approach when assessing and recognizing cues for impaired urinary elimination. What statement made by the newly graduated nurse demonstrates an accurate understanding of impaired urinary elimination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A multifaceted approach to impaired urinary elimination (e.g., history, symptoms, exams) provides comprehensive insights (D), enabling tailored interventions (e.g., catheterization, medication) for effective management. It doesn't simplify diagnosis (A), isn't history-only (B), and goes beyond streamlining (C), making D the accurate understanding.
Question 4 of 5
Concerning arterial blood pressure regulation:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prostaglandins, dopamine, and bradykinin dilate vessels (A), ADH, angiotensin II, and epinephrine constrict (B), and the balance with cardiac factors regulates BP (C). All are true—vasodilators lower resistance, vasoconstrictors raise it, and these with heart output set BP—making E (all are correct), reassigned as D, correct.
Question 5 of 5
Under normal circumstances, the kidneys produce about ___ liters of glomerular filtrate per day.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The kidneys filter ~180 liters of glomerular filtrate daily (B) in adults, based on a GFR of 125 mL/min (180 L/day), far exceeding urine output due to reabsorption. 1,000 L (A) is excessive, 110 L (C) underestimates, and 7.5 L (D) is too low, making B the correct physiological value.