ATI LPN
Ethics and Legal Issues in Healthcare Questions
Question 1 of 5
An unconscious 42-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after sustaining a gunshot wound to the chest during an attempted robbery at a convenience store. He is bleeding profusely. The patient is minimally responsive to pain and is unable to provide any history. The ambulance record indicates that his initial blood pressure was $120 / 70 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$, pulse was $95 / \mathrm{min}$, and respirations were $16 / \mathrm{min}$. The patient's current blood pressure is $70 / 40 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$, pulse is $130 / \mathrm{min}$, and respirations are $28 / \mathrm{min}$. He has an open gunshot wound in the chest and an exit wound in the back. Intravenous fluids and vasopressors are started, and a blood transfusion is ordered. The patient's fiance arrives and states that he should not receive a blood transfusion because he is a devout Jehovah's Witness. No evidence is found in the medical chart of advance directives or a living will documenting the patient's wishes and examination of his belongings show no blood refusal card. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management of this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In an emergency without a documented refusal, life-saving transfusion can proceed.
Question 2 of 5
The person or government bringing a lawsuit against another party.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A plaintiff is the person or government entity that initiates a lawsuit against another party. They are the ones who bring the case to court and seek a legal remedy or compensation for a perceived wrongdoing or harm caused by the defendant. The plaintiff is responsible for presenting evidence and arguments to support their claim and convince the court to rule in their favor.
Question 3 of 5
A standard or rule of conduct that is established and enforced by the government as a means of protecting the public.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A law is a standard or rule of conduct that is established and enforced by the government to protect the public. It serves as a framework for maintaining order, resolving disputes, and promoting justice in society. Laws provide guidelines for acceptable behavior and help ensure the safety and well-being of individuals and communities.
Question 4 of 5
Identify the third step in the MORAL decision-making model.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MORAL is an acronym - M, Massage the dilemma; O, Outline the options; R, Resolve the dilemma; A, Act by applying the chosen option; L, Look back and evaluate.
Question 5 of 5
The nurses' obligations in ethical decisions include which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respecting patient confidentiality is a key obligation in ethical decisions, as it upholds a basic patient right. The nurse's role includes advocacy, using ethics committees, and improving decision-making, but confidentiality is fundamental. (Note: Original question allowed multiple answers; restructured to single-answer format by selecting one key option.)