ATI LPN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
An increase in blood CO₂ levels is followed by a(n) in H⁺ ions and a(n) in blood pH.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: More CO₂ forms carbonic acid, increasing H⁺ and lowering pH.
Question 2 of 5
The increase in extracellular osmolality would cause
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High ECF osmolality draws water out of cells via osmosis.
Question 3 of 5
asthma attack
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asthma impairs ventilation, causing CO₂ retention and respiratory acidosis.
Question 4 of 5
ADH causes the renal tubules to retain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has suffered lesions in the hypothalamus and lost the ability to produce ADH. Despite this loss, plasma sodium levels are maintained at normal or near-normal levels. a. Speculate why the urine output of this individual increases dramatically. b. If the urine output increases dramatically, what must happen to fluid intake in order to maintain homeostasis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No ADH reduces water reabsorption, increasing urine output. b. Fluid intake must increase to maintain homeostasis.