An example of non-secondary agent of socialization is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Agents of socialization are divided into primary and secondary categories based on their sequence and depth of influence. Primary agents, like the family, are the earliest and most foundational, instilling basic values and behaviors in an individual from infancy. Secondary agents, such as schools, religious institutions, and peer groups, exert influence later, typically after the family has established a social base. The question seeks a non-secondary agent, implying a primary one. 'The family,' is correct because it is the primary agent, shaping individuals before they engage with external systems, as supported by George Herbert Mead's theory of the self, which highlights the family's role in early identity formation. 'The school,' is a secondary agent, educating children after initial home socialization. 'The religious institutions,' and 'Peer group,' are also secondary, impacting individuals through structured settings or social interactions later in development. The family's unique position as the first and most intimate agent distinguishes it, making B the accurate choice over the secondary options.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a computer accepts data (raw input), it processes it to produce meaningful output, termed information. 'Information,' is correct because it reflects this transformation, as per the data-information-knowledge model in computing (e.g., Ackoff's hierarchy). 'Program,' is software, not an output. 'Print out,' is a specific output form, not the general result. 'Result,' is close but less precise, as it's a broader term; information' specifically denotes processed, usable data (e.g., a report from a database). The computer's core function—converting data into interpretable information, like patient stats in healthcare—makes C the most accurate answer, rooted in information systems theory.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Assault in tort law is an intentional act causing reasonable fear of imminent harm, without physical contact. 'Assault,' is correct because pointing a needle at a phobic child deliberately induces fear, meeting this definition (e.g., Restatement (Second) of Torts). 'Malpractice,' requires professional negligence with harm, not just intent. 'Negligence,' lacks intent, unlike this deliberate act. 'Battery,' requires physical contact, which didn't occur. The nurse's intentional threat, exploiting the child's phobia, fits assault's criteria—fear without touch—making B the accurate answer, distinct from negligence or contact-based torts.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Broad-spectrum antibiotics kill a wide range of bacteria, disrupting normal flora and allowing opportunistic pathogens (e.g., Clostridium difficile) to overgrow, causing superinfection. 'Super infection,' is correct, as per infectious disease texts (e.g., Mandell's Principles). 'Hypersensitivity,' is an allergic reaction, not flora-related. 'Direct toxicity,' is organ damage from the drug, not microbial imbalance. 'Toxicity,' is too broad, missing the specific overgrowth context. Superinfection's link to antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, like pseudomembranous colitis, makes A the accurate answer, distinct from immune or toxic effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Florence Nightingale is recognized as the first nurse researcher for her pioneering statistical analysis of hospital mortality during the Crimean War. 'Florence Nightingale,' is correct, as her work (e.g., Notes on Nursing) laid foundations for evidence-based practice, per nursing history (e.g., Judd's Nursing Theories). 'Calista Roy,' and 'Betty Neuman,' developed later models (adaptation, systems). 'Dorothea Orems,' focused on self-care theory, not early research. Nightingale's use of data to improve care marks her as the originator, making C the precise answer.