ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
An adolescent with a history of surgical repair for undescended testes (cryptorchidism) comes to the clinic for a sports physical. Anticipatory guidance for the parents and adolescent would focus on which of the following as most important?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, technique for monthly testicular self-examinations. This is important because individuals with a history of cryptorchidism are at higher risk for testicular cancer. Monthly self-examinations can help in early detection and improve outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because sterility is not the main concern in this scenario. Choice B is incorrect as future plans are not directly related to the health issue at hand. Choice D is incorrect as psychosocial support, while important, is not the most crucial aspect in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
During a well-child physical, an adolescent female has a normal history and physical except for an excessive amount of tooth enamel erosion, a greater-than-normal number of filled cavities, and calluses on the back of her hand. Her body mass index is in the 50th to 75th percentile for her age. Which disorder is the nurse concerned about based on the assessment findings
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bulimia nervosa. The excessive tooth enamel erosion, filled cavities, and calluses on the back of the hand are indicative of self-induced vomiting, which is a common behavior in individuals with bulimia nervosa. The body mass index being in the 50th to 75th percentile suggests that the individual is not severely underweight, ruling out anorexia nervosa, kwashiorkor, and marasmus. Bulimia nervosa is characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, which can lead to dental problems and calluses from inducing vomiting.
Question 3 of 5
Which assessment finding in a preschooler would suggest the need for further investigation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a 2-lb weight gain in 12 months could indicate a potential health concern such as obesity or an underlying medical condition. This finding warrants further investigation by healthcare professionals to assess the child's overall health and well-being. A, B, and C are incorrect choices as they are typical developmental milestones for preschoolers. Independence in dressing, riding a tricycle, and having an imaginary friend are all considered normal behaviors at this age and do not necessarily indicate a need for further investigation unless there are other concerning factors present.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse finds that a 6-month-old infant has an apical pulse of 166 beats/min during sleep. The nurse should do which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Record data on nurses’ notes. In this case, the infant's apical pulse of 166 beats/min is within the normal range for a 6-month-old during sleep. By recording this data on the nurses' notes, it ensures accurate documentation for future reference and monitoring. Administering oxygen (choice A) is not indicated as the pulse rate is normal. Reporting the data to the practitioner (choice C) is not necessary since the pulse rate is within the normal range. Placing the child in high Fowler position (choice D) is unrelated to the situation and not indicated based on the information provided.
Question 5 of 5
Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 38.4°C (101.1°F). The nurse should do which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Report findings to practitioner. A temperature of 38.4°C post-cardiac surgery may indicate infection, which requires prompt attention. Reporting to the practitioner allows for timely assessment and intervention. Choice B is incorrect as hypothermia blankets are used for low temperatures. Choice C is incorrect as it may exacerbate the fever. Choice D is incorrect as action is needed beyond just recording the temperature.