An 11-month-old girl is brought to the Emergency Department for evaluation of fussiness and fever. She was taken to her primary care physician who diagnosed her with acute otitis media and started her on oral antibiotics. The patient has not been taking much in the way of oral fluids and has not eaten for the past day. She has had decreased wet diapers over the past 24 hours. Initial vital signs are as follows: temperature 102°F, heart rate 240 beats/minute, respiratory rate 45 breaths/minute, blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation 99% on room air. You administer a 20 ml/kg bolus and acetaminophen, but the heart rate remains at 240 beats/minute. A 12-lead electrocardiogram is obtained. What is the most appropriate next intervention?

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Emergency Care Pediatrics Questions

Question 1 of 5

An 11-month-old girl is brought to the Emergency Department for evaluation of fussiness and fever. She was taken to her primary care physician who diagnosed her with acute otitis media and started her on oral antibiotics. The patient has not been taking much in the way of oral fluids and has not eaten for the past day. She has had decreased wet diapers over the past 24 hours. Initial vital signs are as follows: temperature 102°F, heart rate 240 beats/minute, respiratory rate 45 breaths/minute, blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation 99% on room air. You administer a 20 ml/kg bolus and acetaminophen, but the heart rate remains at 240 beats/minute. A 12-lead electrocardiogram is obtained. What is the most appropriate next intervention?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Persistent tachycardia at 240 bpm in an infant suggests supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Adenosine 0.1 mg/kg is the first-line treatment per PALS.

Question 2 of 5

Which of the following medical equipment is required on an advanced life support (ALS) ambulance compared to a basic life support (BLS) ambulance?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: ALS ambulances require advanced equipment like intraosseous needles for rapid vascular access, unlike BLS.

Question 3 of 5

In your role as medical director, you are performing a quality improvement project on pain management. You are reviewing charts evaluating for factors associated with inadequate pain management in pediatric trauma patients. What factors would you expect are associated with suboptimal pain control in pediatric trauma patients?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Undocumented pain scores are strongly linked to inadequate pain management, as assessment drives treatment.

Question 4 of 5

Assessment of a child reveals a tension pneumothorax. The nurse would prepare the child for which of the following?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A needle thoracotomy is the immediate treatment for tension pneumothorax to relieve pressure and restore lung function.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is caring for a stable toddler diagnosed with accidental poisoning due to the ingestion of cleaning solution. What must be included in teaching parents about how to protect a toddler from accidental poisoning?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Keeping cleaning solutions locked up is the most effective way to prevent access and accidental poisoning by toddlers.

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