All of the following are characteristic of the Nursing process except

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nursing process assessment to evaluation is dynamic (adaptive), cyclical (ongoing), and universal (global) e.g., used worldwide. Intrapersonal (within one) doesn't apply; it's interpersonal (nurse-patient). This flexibility ensures tailored care, per standardized practice frameworks.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: One minute between BP readings e.g., reperfusion ensures accuracy, per AHA. Longer is for activity rest. Nurses time this e.g., repeat for trends, per monitoring.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Normal urine pH is 4.5-8 e.g., averages 6 but varies not fixed at 6. Clear, aromatic, yellow-amber are true. Nurses assess e.g., pH for health, per norms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The endocrine pancreas regulates sugar e.g., insulin lowers glucose unlike sodium/potassium (adrenals), calcium (parathyroid). Nurses assess e.g., BS for function, per endocrine.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: General systems theory, developed by Ludwig von Bertalanffy, explores how wholes and their parts interact, describing the function and behavior of components within a system. In nursing, it views the client as a system body, mind, and spirit interacting with environments like family or healthcare settings, emphasizing interdependence. Nursing theory broadly aims to explain and predict care outcomes, not specifically parts-whole dynamics. Adaptation theory, per Roy, focuses on adjusting to stimuli, while developmental theory tracks growth stages, neither prioritizing systemic relationships. General systems theory's holistic lens aids nurses in understanding how a client's physical decline affects emotional health or how family dynamics influence recovery. Its interdisciplinary roots make it versatile, guiding comprehensive care plans that address interconnected factors, enhancing nursing's ability to manage complex client needs effectively.