After taking an HIV antibody test the patient is required to wait:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 30 minutes. After taking an HIV antibody test, the patient is required to wait for 30 minutes before the results can be accurately interpreted. This waiting period allows for the proper reaction time for the test results to develop. Waiting for 30 minutes ensures that any potential errors or discrepancies in the test results are minimized. Choice A (30 days) is incorrect as waiting this long is unnecessary and impractical for obtaining HIV test results. Choice B (1 hour) and Choice D (10 minutes) are incorrect as they do not align with the standard waiting time recommended for HIV antibody tests. Waiting for 30 minutes strikes a balance between allowing sufficient time for accurate results while not unnecessarily prolonging the waiting period.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fever and petechiae. Fever and petechiae are indicative of a potential infection or bleeding, which can be life-threatening for a leukemia patient due to compromised immune system and low platelet count. Immediate nursing intervention would involve assessing the severity of the fever, monitoring for signs of sepsis, and addressing any bleeding issues. A: An enlarged liver and spleen may be common in leukemia but do not require immediate intervention unless associated with other symptoms. B: Fatigue is common in leukemia but not as urgent as signs of infection or bleeding. D: Swollen glands and lethargy are also common in leukemia but do not require immediate intervention unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Muscle weakness. In infants with iron deficiency anemia, muscle weakness is a common sign of decreased activity tolerance. Iron deficiency leads to reduced oxygen delivery to muscles, causing weakness and fatigue during activity. A heart rate of 138 may be within normal range for a 9-month-old. Increased alertness suggests the infant is responsive and engaged, not necessarily an indicator of activity tolerance. A respiratory rate less than 40 with activity is also not necessarily abnormal and may indicate good respiratory function. Therefore, the presence of muscle weakness is the most specific and concerning sign of poor activity tolerance in this context.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because in DIC, excessive clotting can lead to bleeding. Therefore, the absence of bleeding indicates successful care. Option A is not specific to DIC management. Option B indicates poor oxygenation, not related to DIC. Option C is insufficient urine output, not a direct indicator of DIC management.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because preschool-aged children typically lack the cognitive capacity to fully understand complex medical conditions like leukemia and its severity. They may not grasp the concept of illness or the implications of a cancer diagnosis. Preschoolers are unlikely to exhibit acceptance (Choice A) as they may struggle to comprehend the situation. They are also not likely to blame themselves for causing the illness (Choice B) as this requires a more advanced understanding of cause and effect. While some children may have a basic understanding of cancer and its treatment (Choice C), they are unlikely to fully comprehend the disease's complexities. Overall, the most likely reaction for a preschooler diagnosed with leukemia is unawareness due to their developmental stage.