After receiving change-of-shift report on four patients admitted to a heart failure unit, which patient should the nurse assess first?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient who has 'wet-cold' clinical manifestations of heart failure is perfusing inadequately and needs rapid assessment and changes in management. The other patients also should be assessed as quickly as possible but do not have indications of severe decreases in tissue perfusion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sinusoidal capillaries, with large gaps, are found in red bone marrow, liver, and spleen, not typically in pulmonary capillaries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sympathetic stimulation releases norepinephrine, increasing ventricular contractility.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dehydration decreases ANP (which promotes fluid loss), while increasing vasopressin, angiotensin II, and norepinephrine.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Lipids are transported as lipoproteins, complexes of lipids and proteins.