ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions and Answers on Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
After obtaining the health history for a 25-year-old who smokes two packs of cigarettes daily, the nurse will plan to do teaching about the increased risk for
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking is a major risk factor for bladder cancer (B), linked to carcinogens in urine. Stones (A), infections (C), and interstitial cystitis (D) have other causes, making B the priority teaching.
Question 2 of 5
A male patient in the clinic provides a urine sample that is red-orange in color. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A red-orange color in the urine is normal with some over-the-counter (OTC) medications such as phenazopyridine. The color is not expected with urinary tract infection, is not a sign that poor technique was used in obtaining the specimen and does not need to be communicated to the health care provider until further assessment is done.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a male patient who has functional incontinence. What actions should the nurse take to help prevent incontinence?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Functional incontinence from physical barriers improves with urinal access (D). Cranberry juice (A) prevents UTIs, not incontinence, longer intervals (B) suit urge incontinence, and Kegels (C) help stress incontinence, making D the best action.
Question 4 of 5
A patient hospitalized for orthopedic surgery had a urinary catheter inserted. The patient later develops a urinary tract infection and asks the nurse what caused it. What is the appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urinary tract infections are almost always caused by an ascending infection starting at the external urinary meatus.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse knows that specific areas in the ureters have a propensity for obstruction. Prompt management of renal calculi is most important when the stone is located where?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ureteropelvic junction (A) is critical for prompt stone management due to its proximity to the kidney, risking dysfunction. The sacroiliac (B) and ureterovesical (C) junctions are also narrowed but less urgent, and the urethra (D) isn't a ureteral site, making A the priority.