After completing a thorough neurological and physical assessment of a patient who is admitted for a suspected stroke, the medical-surgical nurse anticipates the next step in the immediate care of this patient will include:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: For a suspected stroke, a CT scan without contrast (B) is the immediate next step to differentiate ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke, guiding treatment (e.g., tPA within 4.5 hours for ischemic). tPA (A) requires CT confirmation, neurosurgery (C) or Doppler (D) follows diagnosis, making B the critical diagnostic priority.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Renin catalyzes angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, leading to angiotensin II (C), which increases sodium reabsorption and vasoconstriction. It doesn't directly affect water (A), decrease sodium (B), or directly increase sodium (D), making C the primary effect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the proximal convoluted tubule (A), sodium is actively transported out, and water follows passively via osmosis due to osmotic gradients. The descending limb (B) is water-permeable, ascending limb (D) actively transports sodium without water, and collecting duct (C) adjusts water with ADH, making A the match.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Incontinence is the involuntary loss of bladder control (A), impairing micturition regulation, a true clinical definition. False (B) would deny this standard meaning, making A correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Red blood cells in urine (hematuria) indicate pathology (e.g., infection, stones), not normal health (B). True (A) contradicts this clinical sign, making False correct.