ATI LPN
Pediatric Immunity NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Active immunity occurs when:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Active immunity occurs when the immune system produces antibodies in response to an antigen, such as after natural infection (Choice A) or vaccination. Choice B describes herd immunity, Choice C is passive immunity (e.g., immunoglobulin therapy), and Choice D, while a type of active immunity, is less general as it specifies recovery, whereas Choice A encompasses both infection and vaccination broadly.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-year-old child is receiving amoxicillin (Amoxil) to treat otitis media and is in the clinic for a well-child checkup on the last day of antibiotic therapy. The provider orders varicella (Varivax); mumps, measles, and rubella (MMR); inactivated polio (IPV); and diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines to be given. Which action by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antibiotics like amoxicillin don’t interfere with vaccine efficacy or safety, so all vaccines (MMR, Varivax, IPV, DTaP) can be administered as ordered at the 4-6 year visit (Choice A). Choice B is unnecessary—live vaccines (MMR, Varivax) aren’t affected by antibiotics. Choice C is overly cautious, and Choice D (aspirin) is inappropriate due to Reye’s syndrome risk.
Question 3 of 5
A pregnant woman passes antibodies to her unborn baby through the placenta to protect against certain diseases. About how long does this natural immunity last after birth?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maternal antibodies, passed via the placenta (passive immunity), typically protect infants for about 6 months, though this varies by disease and antibody type (e.g., measles protection may last up to 12 months). None of the options (1, 2, or 5 years) accurately reflect this duration. 'None of the above' (Choice D) is correct, as the typical range is shorter than 1 year, often 3-6 months, per CDC and immunological data.
Question 4 of 5
Which milestone typically occurs first in pediatric development?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rolling over occurs at 2-6 months, the earliest motor milestone listed (AAP). Crawling (6-12 months), walking (12-18 months), and speaking (words, 12 months) follow later, making Choice C correct.
Question 5 of 5
A child with sickle cell anemia is at risk of developing which complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sickle cell anemia causes sickle cell crises (vaso-occlusive events) due to RBC sickling, per CDC. Choices A, B, and D are distinct conditions, not direct complications.