According to C.E. Winslow, what is the goal of Public Health?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: For people to attain their birthrights and longevity. This goal emphasizes the fundamental rights of individuals to live a healthy and fulfilling life, aligning with Winslow's vision of public health as a means to ensure all people can achieve their full potential. Choice B focuses on disease prevention only, neglecting the broader aspects of well-being. Choice C is limited to access to services, overlooking the holistic nature of public health. Choice D is too narrow, as organizational efforts are just one aspect of public health, not the overarching goal.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting a home visit allows the nurse to assess the patient's living environment, identify potential health hazards, and understand the patient's home situation, which can influence their health. This firsthand appraisal helps tailor care plans to the individual's needs, ensuring better outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because home visits typically involve personalized care for individual patients, not a greater number of people. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to group experiences rather than individual assessments during home visits. Choice D is incorrect as fostering family initiative is not the primary advantage of conducting a home visit; it is about assessing the home environment for better care planning.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Analytical epidemiology. This branch focuses on investigating the causes and risk factors of diseases, such as heart diseases in the municipality. It involves comparing groups to identify associations and determine causality, which aligns with studying factors contributing to high mortality rates. Descriptive epidemiology (choice A) describes the distribution of diseases but does not delve into causes. Therapeutic epidemiology (choice C) focuses on treatment interventions, not causes. Evaluation epidemiology (choice D) assesses the effectiveness of programs, not specifically causes of diseases.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary purpose of conducting an epidemiologic investigation is to delineate the etiology of the epidemic. This involves studying the causes and risk factors contributing to the outbreak of the disease. Understanding the etiology helps in developing prevention and control strategies. Other choices are incorrect because encouraging cooperation and support of the community (B) and identifying groups at risk (C) are important outcomes but not the primary purpose of the investigation. Similarly, identifying geographical locations of disease cases (D) is essential for mapping the spread but not the main objective of determining the cause.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: For people to attain their birthrights and longevity. This goal emphasizes the fundamental rights of individuals to live a healthy and fulfilling life, aligning with Winslow's vision of public health as a means to ensure all people can achieve their full potential. Choice B focuses on disease prevention only, neglecting the broader aspects of well-being. Choice C is limited to access to services, overlooking the holistic nature of public health. Choice D is too narrow, as organizational efforts are just one aspect of public health, not the overarching goal.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because successful community organizing involves active participation of community members in addressing the problem collectively. By participating in community activities, individuals feel empowered and invested in finding solutions. Choice B is incorrect as implementation alone does not guarantee community involvement. Choice C focuses on planning only, neglecting the importance of actual participation. Choice D is also incorrect as mere identification of the problem does not demonstrate successful community organizing without further action.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure accessibility and quality of health. This is because the Department of Health's primary mission is to provide accessible and high-quality healthcare services to the population. This mission encompasses both ensuring that health services are within reach of all individuals and that the services provided are of the highest possible standard. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not fully capture the comprehensive mission of the Department of Health, which goes beyond just improving health status or setting a specific target year for health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. School nurse's role is to provide health care. 2. Conducting random classroom inspections during a measles epidemic is a proactive measure to prevent the spread of disease. 3. This function aligns with the nurse's duty to promote health and prevent illness. Summary: - A: Requesting BCG vaccine is administrative, not direct health care provision. - C: Correcting an accident hazard is addressing safety, not health care. - D: Observing areas where pupils spend free time is monitoring, not direct health care provision.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Municipal Health Board. The rationale is as follows: 1. Municipal Health Boards oversee health services at the local level, including midwifery services. 2. Submitting the request to the Municipal Health Board ensures it is addressed promptly and efficiently. 3. Rural Health Unit (A) may not have the authority to approve additional midwife items. 4. District Health Office (B) and Provincial Health Office (C) are higher levels of authority and may not handle local requests for midwife items.