Absolute lymphocytosis (>5000/mm^3) without adenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia is what stage in CLL prognosis Scoring-Rai Staging System?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Absolute lymphocytosis >5000/mm^3 without other symptoms indicates low tumor burden. 2. In Rai Staging System, Stage 0 represents low risk with lymphocytosis only. 3. No adenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia rules out higher stages. 4. Hence, the correct answer is A: Stage 0. Other choices are incorrect due to absence of additional symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Polarizing microscopy. Polarizing microscopy is valuable in identifying crystals that rotate light because it can distinguish between isotropic and anisotropic materials, such as crystals. When polarized light passes through an anisotropic material like crystal, the light waves are split into ordinary and extraordinary rays, causing the crystals to rotate light. This phenomenon, known as birefringence, is observed under polarizing microscopy. Incorrect Choices: A: Compound brightfield microscopy does not provide the necessary contrast to identify crystals that rotate light. B: Darkfield microscopy is used for observing light scattering, not for identifying crystals that rotate light. D: Phase-contrast microscopy is used to enhance contrast in transparent samples, not specifically for identifying crystals that rotate light.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Liver. During midfetal life, the liver is the primary source of blood cells. The rationale behind this is that the liver is the major site of hematopoiesis during this developmental stage, producing red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The liver's hematopoietic function gradually declines as the bone marrow takes over this role postnatally. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: A: Bone marrow - While bone marrow becomes the primary site of hematopoiesis in adults, during midfetal life, it is not the main source of blood cells. B: Spleen - The spleen plays a role in blood filtration and immune response, but it is not the primary source of blood cells during midfetal life. C: Lymph Nodes - Lymph nodes are important for immune function and lymphocyte production, but they do not serve as the primary source of blood cells during midfetal life.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Glycoprotein. Glycoproteins are the most common type of protein found in the cell membrane because they play crucial roles in cell signaling, adhesion, and recognition. They have sugar molecules attached to them, which help in cell-cell interactions. Lipoproteins (choice A) have lipids attached to them and are found in cell membranes but are not as common as glycoproteins. Mucoproteins (choice B) are proteins with carbohydrate chains but are not as prevalent in cell membranes. Nucleoproteins (choice D) are proteins associated with nucleic acids and are not typically found in the cell membrane.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (70+). Chronic lymphoblastic leukemia typically affects older adults, with the median age of diagnosis around 70 years old. This is due to the gradual accumulation of genetic mutations over time. Older patients are more likely to develop this type of leukemia compared to younger individuals. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they suggest younger age groups, which are less commonly associated with chronic lymphoblastic leukemia. Additionally, younger individuals are more likely to be affected by acute lymphoblastic leukemia rather than the chronic form.