ATI LPN
Urinary System MCQ Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A young adult employed as a hair stylist who has a 15 pack-year history of cigarette smoking arrives for an annual physical examination. Which area of increased risk should the nurse plan to teach the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exposure to the chemicals involved with working as a hair stylist and in smoking both increase the risk of bladder cancer, and the nurse should assess whether the patient understands this risk. The patient is not at increased risk for renal failure, pyclonephritis, or kidney stones.
Question 2 of 5
Which of these is an abnormal component of urine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Protein (B) in urine (proteinuria) is abnormal, signaling glomerular damage. Urea (A), water (C), and ammonia (D) are normal components, though RBCs (E in original) are also abnormal; B is the best single answer here.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has chronic kidney disease and is very weak due to low hemoglobin. Which of the following does the nurse understand is the best explanation for the anemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Secretion of erythropoietin by the diseased kidney is reduced.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with renal failure secondary to diabetic nephropathy has been admitted to the medical unit. What is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure for which the nurse should monitor the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Potassium retention (B) is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure, risking hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias. Waste buildup (A), hypocalcemia (C), and BP issues (D) are serious but less immediately fatal, making B the priority.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is scheduled for a diagnostic MRI of the lower urinary system. What pre-procedure education should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Relaxation techniques (B) help patients stay still during MRI, which doesn't require NPO (A), sedation (C), or fluid limits (D), making B the key education.